Dependent Edema: This is often seen in patients with heart failure, renal failure, or those who are immobile, leading to fluid accumulation in the hands due to gravity. It's a common and straightforward cause of bilateral hand swelling.

Hypothyroidism: Can cause generalized edema, including in the hands, due to the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the skin.
Lymphedema: Although more commonly unilateral, lymphedema can be bilateral, especially if it's primary (inherited) or due to a systemic condition affecting lymphatic drainage.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: An autoimmune disease that can cause symmetric swelling of the hands among other symptoms.
Scleroderma/Systemic Sclerosis: A chronic autoimmune disease characterized by thickening of the skin and connective tissue, leading to swelling and eventually sclerosis of the skin on the hands.

Compartment Syndrome: A medical emergency where increased pressure within a muscle compartment leads to inadequate blood supply to the tissues inside the compartment. It can cause severe pain, swelling, and potentially permanent damage if not promptly treated.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Although DVT typically presents unilaterally, in rare cases, it can be bilateral. It's crucial to consider this diagnosis due to the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Sepsis: In severe cases, sepsis can lead to generalized edema, including in the hands, as part of a systemic inflammatory response.

Hereditary Angioedema: A rare genetic disorder that can cause recurrent episodes of severe swelling, including in the hands.
Erythromelalgia: A disorder characterized by burning pain, heat, and redness in the hands and feet, which can also present with swelling.
Primary Amyloidosis: A condition where an abnormal protein (amyloid) accumulates in various tissues of the body, potentially causing swelling among other symptoms.