From the Guidelines
Seek immediate medical attention after an electric shock if you experience any symptoms or if the shock was from a high-voltage source, as internal damage may not be immediately apparent and can lead to severe morbidity and mortality 1. When considering the severity of electric injuries, it's crucial to remember that they can vary widely, from minor tingling sensations to thermal burns, cardiopulmonary arrest, and death 1. Key factors to consider when deciding to seek medical attention include:
- The voltage of the shock: High-voltage shocks are more likely to cause severe internal damage and cardiac complications.
- The path of the current: If the current traveled through the chest or head, there is a higher risk of cardiac or neurological damage.
- Underlying health conditions: Pre-existing heart conditions can increase the risk of complications from an electric shock.
- Symptoms: Burns, loss of consciousness, chest pain, heart palpitations, difficulty breathing, muscle pain, numbness, confusion, or seizures all necessitate immediate medical evaluation.
Given the potential for delayed onset of symptoms and the risk of severe complications, it is always best to err on the side of caution and seek medical attention if there is any doubt about the severity of the shock or the individual's condition 1. For severe shocks, calling emergency services is preferable to attempting to transport the individual to the hospital oneself, as this allows for immediate intervention in case of sudden cardiac complications during transport.
From the Research
When to Seek Medical Attention
After an electrical shock, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately, especially if the individual experiences any of the following:
- Cardiac arrhythmias or irregular heartbeat 2
- Syncope or loss of consciousness 2
- Abnormal ECG readings 2
- High voltage injuries (500 V or more) 3
- Signs of internal organ damage, such as burns, bruising, or hematoma 3
Factors to Consider
The decision to seek medical attention also depends on various factors, including:
- The voltage and duration of the electric current 4
- The path of the current through the body 2
- The presence of associated injuries, such as trauma or burns 5, 4
- The individual's overall health and medical history 5
Medical Evaluation and Treatment
A thorough medical evaluation is crucial to assess the extent of the injury and determine the appropriate treatment. This may include:
- Echocardiography and cardiac catheterization to evaluate cardiac function 3
- Monitoring for delayed cardiac arrhythmias in the intensive care setting 2
- Advanced cardiac life support measures, such as defibrillation and cardiac pharmacotherapy 5
- Surgical intervention for cardiac injuries, such as thrombosis, dissection, or myocardial infarction 3