From the Guidelines
Pruritus in the ears is most commonly caused by excessive earwax buildup, as evidenced by the 2017 clinical practice guideline on earwax impaction 1. This condition can lead to itching, hearing problems, or a sense of fullness in the ear canal, among other symptoms. According to the guideline, earwax is formed naturally by the body and helps protect the ear canal skin and kill germs, but excessive buildup can cause issues 1. Other potential causes of ear itching include dry skin, ear infections, allergies, or skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis, as well as allergic contact dermatitis caused by certain topical otic preparations or preservatives 1. Key points to consider when addressing ear itching include:
- Avoiding the insertion of foreign objects into the ear canal to prevent further irritation or damage
- Using over-the-counter ear drops or earwax removal drops to help alleviate symptoms
- Considering oral antihistamines for allergic reactions
- Seeking medical attention if itching persists or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms. It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment, as they can assess the individual's specific situation and provide personalized guidance 1.
From the FDA Drug Label
The most common adverse reactions reported in 2-3% of patients treated with ciprofloxacin otic solution, 0.2% were application site pain, ear pruritus, fungal ear superinfection and headache. Pruritus 4% 1.2% 1.0% The cause of pruritus (itching) in the ears is not explicitly stated in the drug labels. However, based on the information provided, pruritus is listed as a treatment-related adverse event in both ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin otic solutions, suggesting that the drug itself or the underlying condition being treated may be a contributing factor.
- Possible causes of pruritus in the ears may include:
From the Research
Causes of Pruritus in the Ears
- Pruritus (itching) in the ears can be caused by various factors, including:
- Otitis externa, a common condition involving inflammation of the ear canal 4, 5, 6, 7
- Bacterial infection, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus being the most common pathogens 5, 6
- Allergies or underlying inflammatory dermatologic conditions, which can cause chronic otitis externa 6
- Skin disorders of the external ear, such as eczematous otitis externa 4
- Symptoms of otitis externa include itching, discharge, pain, and inflammation of the ear canal 5, 6, 7
- Treatment of otitis externa typically involves topical antimicrobials or antibiotics, and may also include corticosteroids to help resolve symptoms more quickly 5, 6
Specific Conditions that May Cause Pruritus in the Ears
- Acute otitis externa: caused by bacterial infection, and presents with rapid onset of ear canal inflammation, resulting in otalgia, itching, and otorrhea 6, 7
- Chronic otitis externa: often caused by allergies or underlying inflammatory dermatologic conditions, and is treated by addressing the underlying causes 6
- Eczematous otitis externa: a type of skin disorder that can cause itching and inflammation in the ear canal 4