From the Guidelines
Inositol, specifically myo-inositol, is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol that plays a crucial role in cell signaling and is involved in various bodily functions, including insulin signal transduction, nerve guidance, and cell growth. According to the most recent study 1, inositol is recognized for its proposed role in the management of cardiometabolic and reproductive deregulation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study highlights the importance of inositol, noting that poorer intakes of core food groups containing inositol, such as beans, whole grains, nuts, and seeds, may signal lower inositol intakes in PCOS.
Key Points About Inositol
- Inositol exists in nine different forms, with myo-inositol being the most common in the human body 1.
- It is found in many foods like fruits, beans, grains, and nuts, and is also produced by the human body, primarily in the kidneys.
- Inositol is considered a pseudovitamin or vitamin-like compound because it's essential for bodily functions but can be synthesized internally.
- As a supplement, it's commonly taken in doses ranging from 2-18 grams daily, with 4 grams being typical for conditions like PCOS.
- Research suggests it may help with insulin resistance, fertility issues in PCOS, mood disorders, and metabolic health, as noted in the study 1.
Importance of Inositol in PCOS
- The study 1 emphasizes the potential benefits of inositol in managing PCOS-related symptoms, particularly in regards to cardiometabolic and reproductive health.
- However, the study also notes the lack of data on dietary inositol consumption or supplementation between women with and without PCOS, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
- Despite this, the existing evidence suggests that inositol may be a valuable component in the management of PCOS, and its supplementation may be considered as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.
From the Research
Definition and Properties of Inositol
- Inositol is a natural sugar-like compound commonly found in many plants and foods 2.
- It is involved in several biochemical pathways, controlling vital cellular mechanisms such as cell development, signaling, and nuclear processes, metabolic and endocrine modulation, cell growth, and signal transduction 2.
- Myo-inositol is a common six-carbon sugar with unique biochemical and psychotherapeutic properties 3.
- It exists in the free form or as a component of membrane inositol phospholipids, which are present largely on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane 3.
Role in Human Health
- Inositol has been shown to have psychoactive effects and may be effective in the treatment of specific mood and anxiety disorders 3.
- It has insulin-mimetic properties and may be efficient in lowering post-prandial blood glucose 4.
- Myo-inositol supplementation has been associated with a reduction in the incidence of gestational diabetes compared with control 5.
- It may have a potential role in the prevention or treatment of some diabetic complications, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and cataract 4.
Therapeutic Applications
- Inositol has been studied as a potential treatment for psychiatric disorders, including depression, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder 2, 3.
- Myo-inositol has been used as a first-line therapy in PCOS women for hormonal improvement and has putative effects on psychological symptoms 6.
- Antenatal dietary supplementation with myo-inositol may be a promising approach for preventing gestational diabetes 5.