Is there an association between Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) and gluten sensitivity?

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Last updated: March 16, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

There is no established direct link between Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) and gluten sensitivity or celiac disease. MALS is a vascular compression disorder where the median arcuate ligament compresses the celiac artery, causing abdominal pain and other digestive symptoms. While some MALS patients may experience symptoms similar to those with gluten sensitivity (such as abdominal pain, bloating, and nausea), these conditions have different underlying mechanisms. The symptoms of MALS result from reduced blood flow to abdominal organs during digestion, whereas gluten-related disorders involve immune reactions to gluten proteins. Some patients with undiagnosed MALS may try gluten-free diets to address their symptoms, sometimes reporting partial relief, but this is likely due to general dietary changes rather than addressing the vascular compression. If you're experiencing persistent abdominal pain after eating, proper diagnostic evaluation is essential to distinguish between MALS (diagnosed through vascular imaging) and gluten-related disorders (diagnosed through blood tests and intestinal biopsies) 1.

Key points to consider:

  • MALS is a rare vascular disorder caused by an extrinsic compression of the celiac artery from the median arcuate ligament, prominent fibrous bands, and ganglionic periaortic tissue 2.
  • The diagnosis of MALS is based on a radiological analysis, and surgical intervention involves open, laparoscopic, or robotic ligament release; celiac ganglionectomy; and celiac artery revascularization 1.
  • There is no evidence to suggest a direct link between MALS and gluten sensitivity or celiac disease, and treatment options for MALS focus on addressing the vascular compression rather than gluten sensitivity 3.
  • Proper diagnostic evaluation is essential to distinguish between MALS and gluten-related disorders, and treatment should be focused on the underlying cause of the symptoms rather than trying a gluten-free diet as a first-line treatment 1.

In terms of treatment, open surgical decompression of the median arcuate ligament is the base of therapy for MALS, and other treatment options such as laparoscopic or robotic approaches may be considered depending on the individual case 3. It's also important to note that endovascular treatment is currently used only as an adjuvant procedure after surgical approach, in refractory cases with residual stenosis of celiac trunk 3. Overall, the key to managing MALS is proper diagnosis and treatment of the underlying vascular compression, rather than trying to address symptoms through dietary changes or other non-invasive methods 1.

References

Research

Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome - Literature Review and Case Report.

Revista portuguesa de cirurgia cardio-toracica e vascular : orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cirurgia Cardio-Toracica e Vascular, 2017

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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