Differential Diagnosis for Worms in Urine
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Schistosomiasis: This is the most common cause of worms in urine, particularly in endemic areas. Schistosoma haematobium infection leads to the presence of eggs and sometimes adult worms in the urine, causing symptoms like hematuria and dysuria.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Filariasis: While less common than schistosomiasis, filarial infections, especially Wuchereria bancrofti, can lead to the presence of microfilariae in the urine, particularly in nocturnal periodicity.
- Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworm): Though rare, pinworms can occasionally be found in the urine, especially in cases of heavy infection or in children.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Echinococcosis: Although rare, the presence of Echinococcus eggs in the urine could indicate a serious infection with potential for significant morbidity and mortality if not treated promptly.
- Cysticercosis: Caused by the pork tapeworm (Taenia solium), cysticercosis can lead to the presence of larvae in various body fluids, including urine, and is a serious condition due to its potential for neurological involvement.
- Rare diagnoses
- Dioctophyma renale: A rare parasitic infection that affects the kidneys and can lead to the presence of worms in the urine.
- Capillaria philippinensis: A parasitic infection that can cause intestinal and urinary symptoms, including the presence of worms in the urine, though it is extremely rare and usually associated with severe malabsorption and weight loss.