What health maintenance and preventive care measures are recommended for a male physical adult?

Comprehensive Adult Male Physical Examination Template

The most effective adult male physical examination should include blood pressure screening, body mass index calculation, lipid screening for men 40-75 years, and age-appropriate cancer screenings to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Vital Signs and Basic Measurements

• Blood pressure measurement (target <130/80 mmHg) 1
• Height and weight to calculate BMI 2
• Heart rate and respiratory rate
• Temperature

History Components

• Lifestyle Assessment:

  • Diet and nutrition habits 3
  • Physical activity patterns (recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity weekly with at least 2 days of muscle-strengthening) 3
  • Tobacco use (recommend smoking cessation if applicable) 3
  • Alcohol consumption (limit to no more than 2 drinks per day) 3
  • Sleep habits 4

• Medical History:

  • Past medical conditions
  • Surgical history
  • Current medications and supplements
  • Family history (particularly cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer)
  • Sexual health history 3
  • Mental health screening 4

Physical Examination

• Cardiovascular:

  • Heart auscultation
  • Peripheral pulses
  • Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening (one-time ultrasonography for men 65-75 who have ever smoked) 2

• Respiratory:

  • Lung auscultation
  • Consider lung cancer screening with low-dose CT for men 55-80 years with ≥30 pack-year smoking history who currently smoke or quit within past 15 years 2

• Abdominal:

  • Liver and spleen palpation
  • Abdominal tenderness assessment

• Genitourinary:

  • Testicular examination 4
  • Digital rectal examination for prostate assessment (consider in context of PSA testing) 3

• Skin:

  • Full skin examination for suspicious lesions 4
  • Counsel on sun protection and monthly self-examinations

• Neurological:

  • Basic neurological assessment including reflexes

• Musculoskeletal:

  • Range of motion assessment
  • Strength testing

Laboratory Testing

• Cardiovascular Risk Assessment:

  • Fasting lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides) for men 40-75 years 4
  • Consider earlier testing if family history of premature cardiovascular disease

• Diabetes Screening:

  • Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, or oral glucose tolerance test if BMI ≥25 kg/m² 4
  • Repeat every 3 years if normal

• Cancer Screening:

  • Colorectal cancer screening starting at age 45 4
    • Options include annual FIT, colonoscopy every 10 years, CT colonography every 5 years
  • Prostate cancer screening discussion for men 50-69 years (45 years for high-risk men) 3
    • PSA testing should be individualized using shared decision-making

• Infectious Disease Screening:

  • Consider STI testing (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia) if sexually active with new or multiple partners 3
  • HIV testing at least once for all adults
  • Tuberculosis screening if risk factors present 3

Immunization Review

• Annual influenza vaccine
• Tdap/Td booster if due
• HPV vaccine if not previously vaccinated (up to age 45)
• COVID-19 vaccination per current guidelines
• Other age-appropriate vaccinations 4

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

• Assess cardiovascular risk using multiple factors (age, blood pressure, lipid levels, diabetes status, smoking history) 4
• Men with ED should be counseled that it is a risk marker for underlying cardiovascular disease 3
• For men with ED, morning serum total testosterone levels should be measured 3

Special Considerations

• Erectile Dysfunction Assessment:

  • Consider validated questionnaires to assess severity if symptoms present 3
  • Testosterone measurement if ED symptoms present 3

• Screening Intervals:

  • Blood pressure: Every 3 years if <130 mmHg; every 2 years if ≥130 mmHg 5
  • Comprehensive eye examination every 2-4 years for men aged 40-54 4
  • Lipid screening every 5 years if normal, more frequently if abnormal 4

Lifestyle Counseling

• Adopt a physically active lifestyle with at least 30 minutes of moderate activity on 5+ days per week 3
• Choose whole grain foods, limit refined carbohydrates 3
• Limit consumption of red and processed meats 3
• Maintain healthy weight through balanced diet and regular physical activity 3

Remember that this template provides a comprehensive framework for adult male physical examinations, but specific components should be prioritized based on the patient's age, risk factors, and health status to maximize health outcomes related to morbidity, mortality, and quality of life.