Differential Diagnosis for Jaw Pain after Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery

• Single Most Likely Diagnosis
  • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder: This is likely due to the positioning of the patient during surgery, which can put strain on the TMJ, or the use of a laryngeal mask airway or endotracheal tube that may cause jaw discomfort.
• Other Likely Diagnoses
  • Myofascial pain syndrome: This condition, characterized by pain and inflammation of the muscles and surrounding connective tissue, can be triggered by the stress and positioning during surgery.
  • Dental problems: Pre-existing dental issues such as cavities, abscesses, or gum disease can be exacerbated by the surgical procedure, leading to jaw pain.
  • Sinusitis: Inflammation or infection of the sinuses can refer pain to the jaw area, and the intubation process or post-operative congestion can contribute to sinusitis.
• Do Not Miss Diagnoses
  • Myocardial infarction (MI): Although less common, jaw pain can be a referred symptom of a heart attack, especially in women. Given the potential severity, it's crucial to consider and rule out MI.
  • Pulmonary embolism: Post-operative patients are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism, and while less common, jaw pain can be associated with pulmonary embolism due to referred pain from the chest.
• Rare Diagnoses
  • Trigeminal neuralgia: A chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which could be triggered or exacerbated by the surgical procedure.
  • Eagle syndrome: A rare condition characterized by an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament, which can cause jaw and facial pain.
  • Osteonecrosis of the jaw: Although rare, this condition could be considered in patients with a history of bisphosphonate use or other risk factors, as it can cause jaw pain.