From the Research
Hypokalemia symptoms include muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, constipation, and abnormal heart rhythms, and can be life-threatening if potassium levels fall below 2.5 mmol/L, as stated in the most recent study 1. The symptoms of hypokalemia can vary depending on the severity of the condition.
- Mild hypokalemia may be asymptomatic, but patients with more pronounced decreases in potassium levels may report symptoms including:
- Muscle weakness
- Fatigue
- Constipation
- Abnormal heart rhythms
- Tingling or numbness
- Increased urination
- Excessive thirst
- Mental symptoms such as confusion and irritability In severe cases, hypokalemia can lead to:
- Muscle necrosis
- Paralysis
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Impaired respiration These symptoms occur because potassium is essential for proper nerve and muscle function, particularly for heart muscle contractions and digestive system movement, as noted in 2 and 1. If you experience these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention, as potassium levels below 2.5 mmol/L can be dangerous, according to 1. Treatment typically involves potassium supplements (oral potassium chloride at doses determined by your doctor, usually 40-100 mEq daily divided into multiple doses) or increased dietary intake of potassium-rich foods like bananas, oranges, potatoes, and spinach, as mentioned in 2 and 1. Never self-medicate with potassium supplements, as excessive potassium can be equally dangerous, and your doctor may need to identify and treat underlying causes such as diuretic use, kidney problems, or excessive vomiting or diarrhea, as stated in 3 and 1.