What are the contraindications for topiramate usage?

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Contraindications for Topiramate Usage

Topiramate is absolutely contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any component of the medication. 1

Primary Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and women who may become pregnant: Topiramate is teratogenic and has been associated with cleft lip/palate, making it contraindicated in women who are pregnant or may become pregnant without reliable contraception 2

  • Hypersensitivity reactions: Patients with known hypersensitivity to topiramate or any of its components should not use this medication 1

Medical Conditions Where Topiramate Should Be Avoided

  • Uncontrolled hypertension: Due to potential cardiovascular effects, especially when used in combination formulations like phentermine/topiramate ER 2

  • History of cardiovascular disease: The sympathomimetic effects, particularly in combination products containing phentermine, can exacerbate cardiovascular conditions 2

  • Untreated hyperthyroidism: Increases risk of arrhythmias and seizures 2

  • Concomitant use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Should not be used within 14 days of MAOI use 2

  • History of significant nephrolithiasis: Topiramate has carbonic anhydrase inhibitor properties that can increase risk of kidney stones 2

Special Precautions and Relative Contraindications

  • Seizure disorders: For combination products containing naltrexone/bupropion with topiramate 2

  • Perioperative period: Discontinuation recommended at least 4 days before procedures requiring general anesthesia due to potential hyperadrenergic effects and refractory hypotension 2

  • Metabolic acidosis risk: Caution in conditions predisposing to acidosis due to topiramate's carbonic anhydrase inhibition 3, 4

  • Renal impairment: As topiramate is primarily excreted renally, dosage adjustments may be needed 5

Monitoring Requirements

  • Pregnancy testing: Monthly pregnancy tests recommended for women of reproductive potential 2

  • Serum bicarbonate levels: Periodic monitoring recommended for long-term therapy due to risk of metabolic acidosis 2

  • Blood pressure and heart rate: Regular monitoring, especially during initial titration 2

Discontinuation Criteria

  • Phentermine/topiramate ER: Should be discontinued if 3% weight loss is not achieved after 12 weeks at 7.5/46 mg daily, or if 5% weight loss is not achieved after 12 weeks on the maximum dose (15/92 mg daily) 2

  • Worsening cognitive function: If significant cognitive impairment occurs, especially problems with expressive speech and verbal memory 6

  • Development of metabolic acidosis: If persistent despite intervention 4

  • Development of acute angle-closure glaucoma: A rare but serious adverse effect 2

The contraindications and precautions for topiramate use should be carefully evaluated before initiating therapy, with particular attention to pregnancy risk, cardiovascular status, and potential for drug interactions 2.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Pharmacokinetic interactions of topiramate.

Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2004

Research

Topiramate in the treatment of partial and generalized epilepsy.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2007

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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