Asthma: This is the most common cause of expiratory wheezing and cough, especially if the symptoms are recurrent, worsen at night, or are triggered by specific factors such as allergens or exercise. Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to episodes of wheezing, cough, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): COPD, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, can cause wheezing and cough, particularly in smokers or those with a history of smoking. The symptoms are often persistent and progressive.
Bronchitis: Acute or chronic bronchitis can cause cough and wheezing due to inflammation of the bronchial tubes. This is often related to infections or irritants like smoke.
Allergic Rhinitis: Although primarily affecting the upper respiratory tract, allergic rhinitis can lead to postnasal drip, which may trigger coughing. In some cases, it can also contribute to wheezing, especially in individuals with asthma.

Pneumonia: While pneumonia typically presents with fever, chills, and productive cough, certain types (like viral or mycoplasma pneumonia) can cause wheezing. Missing this diagnosis could lead to severe consequences, including respiratory failure.
Pulmonary Embolism: Although more commonly associated with sudden onset of dyspnea and chest pain, pulmonary embolism can occasionally present with wheezing and cough, especially if there is associated pulmonary infarction.
Foreign Body Aspiration: This is particularly important in children but can also occur in adults. It may cause sudden onset of wheezing and cough, and prompt diagnosis is crucial to prevent complications.

Cystic Fibrosis: A genetic disorder that leads to the production of thick, sticky mucus, causing respiratory and digestive problems. It can present with chronic cough and wheezing but is much less common than other causes.
Bronchiectasis: A condition characterized by damaged, dilated airways, leading to chronic cough, wheezing, and recurrent infections. It's less common but should be considered in patients with persistent symptoms.
Vocal Cord Dysfunction: This condition involves abnormal movement of the vocal cords, which can cause wheezing and cough, mimicking asthma. It's often related to stress, anxiety, or irritants.