Differential Diagnosis for Chronic Generalized Abdominal Pain
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): This is often considered the most likely diagnosis for chronic generalized abdominal pain due to its high prevalence and the fact that it can present with a wide range of abdominal symptoms, including pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits, without an identifiable cause.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Functional Dyspepsia: Characterized by recurrent or persistent upper abdominal pain or discomfort not exclusively related to defecation, this condition is common and can coexist with IBS.
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): While typically associated with heartburn and regurgitation, some patients with GERD may present with abdominal pain.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause chronic abdominal pain, though they are typically accompanied by other symptoms such as diarrhea, weight loss, and blood in the stool.
- Chronic Constipation: Can cause significant abdominal discomfort and pain, especially if associated with straining during bowel movements.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Appendicitis: Although typically presents acutely, atypical presentations can occur, especially in the elderly or young children, where the pain might be more diffuse and chronic.
- Intestinal Obstruction: Can present with chronic or intermittent abdominal pain, especially if the obstruction is partial.
- Peptic Ulcer Disease: Gastric or duodenal ulcers can cause chronic pain, and complications like perforation or bleeding are medical emergencies.
- Pancreatitis: Chronic pancreatitis can cause persistent abdominal pain, often radiating to the back, and is associated with significant morbidity if not addressed.
- Ovarian Torsion or Other Gynecologic Conditions: In females, conditions like ovarian torsion, endometriosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease can cause chronic abdominal pain and are critical to diagnose promptly.
Rare Diagnoses
- Celiac Disease: An autoimmune reaction to gluten, leading to small intestine damage and potentially causing chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea, and malabsorption.
- Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: A rare condition characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
- Abdominal Migraine: A condition seen primarily in children, characterized by recurrent episodes of severe abdominal pain, often accompanied by other migraine symptoms like headache or nausea.
- Sickle Cell Crisis: In patients with sickle cell disease, abdominal pain can be a manifestation of a sickle cell crisis, which is a medical emergency.
- Neuroendocrine Tumors: Rare tumors that can produce a variety of peptides leading to different clinical syndromes, some of which include chronic abdominal pain as a symptom.