Differential Diagnosis for Ankle Swelling in a 34-year-old Female

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Chronic Venous Insufficiency: This condition is common in individuals who stand for long periods, leading to increased pressure in the veins of the lower extremities, which can cause ankle swelling.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Dependent Edema: Standing for long periods can cause fluid to accumulate in the lower extremities due to gravity, leading to swelling.
• Overuse or Trauma: Repeated stress or acute injury to the ankle can cause swelling.
• Cellulitis: A bacterial skin infection that can cause swelling, redness, and warmth of the affected area.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Although less likely in a young female without a history of heart disease, DVT is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
• Nephrotic Syndrome: A condition characterized by excessive loss of protein in the urine, leading to low albumin levels, which can cause edema.
• Hepatic Cirrhosis: Liver disease can lead to fluid retention and swelling in the lower extremities.

Rare Diagnoses

• Lymphedema: A condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the interstitial tissue, leading to swelling of the affected limb.
• Sarcoidosis: A systemic disease that can cause swelling and inflammation in various parts of the body, including the ankles.
• Thyroid Disorders: Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can cause swelling in the lower extremities, although this is less common.