What is the timeline of a baclofen (GABA receptor agonist) overdose?

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From the Research

Baclofen overdose typically progresses through several stages over hours, with symptoms beginning within 1-2 hours after ingestion, as seen in a study published in 2020 1. The timeline of a baclofen overdose can be broken down into several key stages:

  • Initial symptoms: drowsiness, confusion, and respiratory depression, which can occur within 1-2 hours after ingestion, as reported in a study published in 1998 2.
  • Peak symptoms: seizures, coma, cardiovascular complications (including hypotension and bradycardia), and hypothermia, which can occur between 6-12 hours post-ingestion, as described in a study published in 2020 1.
  • Prolonged coma: lasting 24-72 hours due to the drug's ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and its variable elimination half-life, as noted in a study published in 1998 2.
  • Recovery: typically begins after 24-48 hours as the drug is eliminated, though complete clearance may take 2-4 days in severe cases, especially with kidney dysfunction, as reported in a study published in 1983 3. It is essential to note that patients with pre-existing renal impairment face extended elimination times and potentially longer-lasting symptoms, as described in a study published in 1998 4. Treatment is primarily supportive, focusing on maintaining respiratory and cardiovascular function, as emphasized in a study published in 2008 5. Baclofen overdose is serious because it affects GABA-B receptors in the central nervous system, causing widespread CNS depression that can be life-threatening without prompt medical intervention, as highlighted in a study published in 2020 1.

References

Research

An intoxication mimicking brain death: baclofen.

Acta neurologica Belgica, 2020

Research

Baclofen overdose.

Annals of emergency medicine, 1983

Research

Prolonged severe withdrawal symptoms after acute-on-chronic baclofen overdose.

Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology, 1998

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This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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