What is the spinal level at which the conus medullaris ends?

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Last updated: February 11, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

Spinal Level of Conus Medullaris Termination

The spinal level at which the conus medullaris ends can vary among individuals. According to the studies, the termination level of the conus medullaris is generally found to be:

  • Between the L1 and L2 vertebral levels, with the majority of cases (93.8%) terminating at this level 1
  • Beneath the L3 vertebral level in a small percentage of cases (3.5%) 2
  • At the lower third of L1 (L1L) in male patients and at the L1-2 disc in female patients, based on MRI studies 3
  • At the L-1 or L-2 vertebral level in all 13 specimens of stillborn cadavers 4

Key Findings

  • The conus medullaris termination level does not always correspond to the respective vertebral level, with many anatomical variations observed 1
  • The level of the conus medullaris termination is important for safe and successful spinal and caudal anesthesia 3
  • The filum terminale, which extends from the conus medullaris to the coccyx, may contain functional neural elements in some individuals 4

Variations in Termination Level

  • The termination level of the conus medullaris can vary between individuals, with some studies reporting a higher or lower termination level than others 2, 5, 3
  • The termination level may also vary between males and females, with some studies reporting differences in the level of termination between the sexes 3

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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