From the Guidelines
To mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use, consider a plant-based "Mediterranean-style" diet, which may include supplements like omega-3 fatty acids, as part of a comprehensive approach to reduce cardiovascular risk. This dietary approach is supported by the most recent and highest quality study 1, which suggests that a plant-based "Mediterranean-style" diet can help reduce cardiovascular risk. Omega-3 fatty acids, in particular, have been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, including reducing inflammation and improving cardiovascular function 1. While other supplements like CoQ10, magnesium, L-arginine, vitamin D, and vitamin E may also provide cardiovascular benefits, the evidence for these supplements is not as strong as it is for omega-3 fatty acids and a plant-based diet.
Some key points to consider when using supplements to mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use include:
- Omega-3 fatty acids: 1-2g daily, which can help reduce inflammation and improve cardiovascular function 1
- CoQ10: 100-200mg daily, which can support heart muscle energy production and act as an antioxidant
- Magnesium: 300-400mg daily, which can aid in regulating heart rhythm and blood pressure
- L-arginine: 2-3g daily, which may improve blood flow by increasing nitric oxide production
- Vitamin D: 1000-2000 IU daily, and vitamin E: 100-200 IU daily, which might also provide cardiovascular protection
It's essential to note that supplements should be used in conjunction with lifestyle modifications, including:
- Staying hydrated
- Limiting cannabis consumption
- Avoiding tobacco
- Maintaining regular exercise
- Choosing lower-THC cannabis products or CBD-dominant varieties These recommendations target cannabis-related cardiovascular effects like increased heart rate, blood pressure fluctuations, and reduced blood oxygen levels. However, supplements cannot completely eliminate risks, especially for those with pre-existing heart conditions, and consulting a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen is essential 1.
From the Research
Dietary Supplements for Mitigating Cardiovascular Risks
The use of cannabis has been associated with various cardiovascular risks, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, and arteritis 2. To mitigate these risks, certain dietary supplements may be beneficial.
- Omega-3 fatty acids: These supplements have been shown to significantly reduce the risk of sudden death caused by cardiac arrhythmias and all-cause mortality in patients with known coronary heart disease 3. They can also help reduce elevated triglyceride levels and lower blood pressure.
- Endocannabinoids derived from omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids: These compounds play an important role in regulating inflammation and cardiovascular diseases, and may help mitigate the cardiovascular effects of cannabis use 4.
Recommended Dosage
The American Heart Association recommends consuming two servings of fish per week for persons with no history of coronary heart disease and at least one serving of fish daily for those with known coronary heart disease 3. Approximately 1 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid is recommended for cardio protection. Higher dosages of omega-3 fatty acids (2-4 g/day) may be required to reduce elevated triglyceride levels.
Association between Cannabis Use and Cardiovascular Disease
Studies have found a link between cannabis use and the development of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke 2, 5. The risk of cardiovascular disease increases with frequent cannabis use, with those reporting ≥2 uses per month having a 79% increased odds of high-risk ASCVD score, and those reporting ≥1 use per day having an 87% increased odds of high-risk ASCVD score 5.