Differential Diagnosis for Painless Testicle Enlargement
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Hydrocele: A condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid around a testicle, leading to painless swelling. It's a common cause of testicular enlargement and can develop over time, fitting the one-year timeline.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Varicocele: An enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, similar to varicose veins. It can cause the testicle to feel swollen or enlarged and is often painless.
- Epididymal Cyst: A benign cystic growth on the epididymis that can cause swelling of the testicle. These cysts are usually painless and can grow over time.
- Testicular Cyst: A benign fluid-filled sac within the testicle itself, which can cause enlargement.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Testicular Cancer: Although less common, testicular cancer can present as painless testicular enlargement. It's crucial to rule out this diagnosis due to its potential severity and the importance of early treatment.
- Orchitis (Chronic): Inflammation of one or both testicles, usually caused by bacterial or viral infections. While often painful, some cases can be painless, and chronic orchitis can lead to testicular atrophy or enlargement.
Rare Diagnoses
- Spermatocele: A rare, benign cystic accumulation of sperm that arises from the head of the epididymis. It can cause swelling but is less common than other conditions.
- Testicular Lymphoma: A rare type of cancer that can cause testicular enlargement. It's more common in older men and can be painless in its early stages.
- Filariasis: In areas where filariasis is endemic, this parasitic infection can cause hydrocele and testicular enlargement due to the blockage of lymphatic vessels.