Differential Diagnosis for Edematous Testes
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Epididymitis: This is the most common cause of edematous testes, typically resulting from bacterial infection, often related to sexually transmitted infections or urinary tract infections. The inflammation of the epididymis can lead to swelling and edema of the testes.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Orchitis: Inflammation of one or both testicles, usually caused by bacterial or viral infections. It can lead to testicular edema and is often associated with epididymitis.
- Testicular torsion (early stages): Although testicular torsion is primarily known for causing severe pain and requiring emergency intervention, in its early stages, it can present with edema due to impaired venous drainage.
- Hydrocele: Accumulation of fluid around a testicle, leading to swelling of the scrotum, which can be mistaken for edematous testes.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Testicular cancer with secondary infection or inflammation: Although rare, testicular cancer can become infected or inflamed, leading to edema. Missing this diagnosis could have severe consequences.
- Spermatic cord torsion or other vascular emergencies: Conditions that compromise blood flow to the testes can lead to edema and require immediate medical attention to preserve testicular function.
- Rare diagnoses
- Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP): A form of vasculitis that can affect various parts of the body, including the testes, leading to edema and other symptoms.
- Filariasis: In areas where filariasis is endemic, it can cause lymphatic obstruction leading to scrotal and testicular edema.
- Sarcoidosis: A systemic disease that can cause granulomatous inflammation in various organs, including the testes, leading to edema and other symptoms.