How do I explain a dermal (skin) lesion in the breast to a patient?

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How to Explain a Dermal Lesion in the Breast to a Patient

When explaining a dermal lesion in the breast to a patient, clearly distinguish between skin-based lesions and breast parenchymal lesions, as this distinction is critical for proper diagnosis and treatment planning.

Understanding Dermal Lesions vs. Breast Parenchymal Lesions

  • Dermal lesions are confined to the skin layers of the breast and are often benign, while lesions that appear superficial but originate from breast tissue may represent more serious conditions 1
  • It's important to explain that specialized imaging techniques can determine whether a lesion is truly dermal (skin-based) or originates from breast tissue 1
  • Patients should understand that dermal lesions may present as skin changes, which require proper evaluation to rule out serious conditions 2

Types of Dermal Lesions to Discuss with Patients

  • Benign skin cysts are among the most common dermal lesions encountered in breast imaging 1
  • Skin changes that may indicate more serious conditions include:
    • Erythema (redness) and dermal edema (peau d'orange) which could suggest inflammatory breast cancer 2
    • Nipple excoriation, scaling, and eczema which may indicate Paget's disease of the breast 2
    • Skin dimpling, which could be associated with underlying breast cancer involving Cooper's ligaments 3

Diagnostic Approach to Explain to Patients

  • For any unusual skin changes around the breast, evaluation typically begins with a bilateral diagnostic mammogram with or without ultrasound 2
  • If imaging results are normal (BI-RADS 1-3), but skin changes are concerning, a punch biopsy of the skin or nipple biopsy may be necessary 2
  • For suspicious imaging findings (BI-RADS 4-5), a tissue biopsy is recommended, with core needle biopsy being the preferred option 2
  • Ultrasound is particularly helpful in determining if a lesion is truly dermal by showing if it's contained entirely within the dermis or if it extends to deeper breast tissue 1

Important Points to Address with Patients

  • Reassure patients that many dermal lesions are benign, but proper evaluation is necessary to rule out serious conditions 2
  • Explain that antibiotics may be given for suspected infection but should not delay diagnostic evaluation 2
  • Emphasize that even with normal imaging, further workup may be needed if skin changes are clinically concerning 2
  • Discuss that post-treatment skin changes (after surgery or radiation) are common and may require different management approaches 4

Follow-up Information

  • If biopsy results are benign, clinical and pathologic correlation should be reassessed, and follow-up in 3-6 months may be recommended 2
  • For malignant findings, explain that treatment will follow established breast cancer guidelines 2
  • Patients should be advised to report any changes in the appearance of the lesion or development of new symptoms 2

Special Considerations

  • For patients with a history of breast cancer, explain that certain skin changes may represent treatment effects rather than new disease 4
  • Inflammatory lesions of the breast can range from acute conditions to chronic diseases and may require specialized evaluation 5
  • Patients should understand that some lesions that appear to be dermal may actually be breast cancer extending into the areola 6

References

Research

Distinguishing breast skin lesions from superficial breast parenchymal lesions: diagnostic criteria, imaging characteristics, and pitfalls.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc, 2011

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Breast Skin Dimpling Causes and Diagnostic Approach

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Research

Inflammatory Lesions of the Breast.

Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine, 2023

Research

Carcinoma of the breast mimicking an areolar dermal lesion.

Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, 2007

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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