Differential Diagnosis for Rash to Skin
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Eczema (atopic dermatitis): This is a common condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin, and is often seen in individuals with a history of allergies or asthma. The rash can appear anywhere on the body and varies in severity.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Contact dermatitis: This occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or allergen, leading to a rash. It's common and can be caused by a variety of substances, including soaps, detergents, or certain plants.
- Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition that speeds up the life cycle of skin cells, causing cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin. The extra skin cells form scales and red patches that are itchy and sometimes painful.
- Allergic reactions: These can be caused by a wide range of allergens, including foods, medications, or insect bites, and can manifest as a rash.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Meningococcemia: A severe infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which can lead to a rash (purpura) that does not blanch under pressure. This condition is life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever: A bacterial infection transmitted by ticks, characterized by a rash, fever, and headache. It can be fatal if not treated promptly.
- Lyme disease: Another tick-borne illness that can cause a distinctive "bull's-eye" rash, along with fever, headache, and fatigue. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Pemphigus: A group of rare skin disorders that cause blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. It's an autoimmune disease that can be life-threatening if not treated.
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome: A rare but serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes, usually a reaction to medication or infection. It's characterized by a painful rash that can lead to serious complications.
- Kawasaki disease: A rare condition that mainly affects children under the age of 5, causing a rash, fever, and swelling of the hands and feet. It can lead to serious heart complications if not treated.