From the Guidelines
The primary purpose of a Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) test is to assess liver health and detect potential liver damage or disease.
Key Uses of GGT Test
- The GGT test is used to determine whether an elevated Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) level is of hepatic or non-hepatic origin, as GGT is found in the liver and is a more specific indicator of liver disease than ALP 1.
- It is also used to detect alcoholic liver disease (ALD), as GGT levels are often elevated in individuals with ALD, and is considered a sensitive marker for chronic alcohol misuse 1.
- In addition, the GGT test can be used to monitor liver function in patients with drug-induced liver injury and to detect cholestatic liver disease 1.
- GGT levels can also be used as a biomarker for alcohol use, although it is not specific for alcohol use and should be combined with other lab testing and clinical evaluation 1.
Interpretation of GGT Results
- Elevated GGT levels can indicate liver damage or disease, but can also be influenced by other factors such as body mass index (BMI) and sex 1.
- The sensitivity and specificity of GGT for detecting liver disease can vary depending on the population being tested and the presence of other liver enzymes or biomarkers 1.
- In patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), repeatedly elevated serum liver tests, including GGT, have been associated with the development of liver disease 1.
From the Research
Purpose of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) Test
The primary purpose of a GGT test is to:
- Indicate liver injury and excessive alcohol consumption 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- Serve as a marker of oxidative stress and antioxidant inadequacy 3, 4, 5, 6
- Predict the risk of various chronic conditions and diseases, including:
Clinical Applications of GGT Test
The GGT test has various clinical applications, including: