What is the common cause of a Bartholin's (Bartholin gland) abscess?

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From the Research

Causes of Bartholin's Abscess

  • The common cause of a Bartholin's abscess is an infection, often caused by opportunistic bacteria 1, 2, 3, 4.
  • The most frequent pathogens isolated from Bartholin's abscesses are aerobic or facultative bacteria, with Escherichia coli being the most common isolate 1, 2, 3, 4.
  • Anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria can also cause Bartholin's abscess, with Bacteroides species and Prevotella species being commonly identified 2.
  • Sexually transmitted pathogens, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, are rarely involved in the pathogenesis of Bartholin's abscess 1, 2, 4.
  • Polymicrobial infections, involving multiple types of bacteria, are common in Bartholin's abscesses 1, 2, 3, 4.

Risk Factors

  • Women who are at risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections are more likely to develop a Bartholin's abscess 5.
  • However, other causes of infection should be investigated to exclude other causes of disease 5.

Microbiological Characteristics

  • Pus cultures are positive in approximately 60% of cases, with Escherichia coli being the single most frequent pathogen found 3, 4.
  • Culture-positive cases are significantly associated with fever, leukocytosis, and neutrophilia 4.
  • Infection with E coli is significantly more common in recurrent infections compared to primary infections 4.

References

Research

Microbiology of cysts/abscesses of Bartholin's gland: review of empirical antibiotic therapy against microbial culture.

Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2010

Research

Microbiology of Bartholin's duct abscess.

Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology, 1994

Research

Acute Bartholin's abscess: microbial spectrum, patient characteristics, clinical manifestation, and surgical outcomes.

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2016

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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