Differential Diagnosis for Running Nose, Cough with Yellow Sputum, and Feeling Feverish

• Single Most Likely Diagnosis
  • Acute Bronchitis: This is the most likely diagnosis given the symptoms of cough with yellow sputum, running nose, and feeling feverish. Acute bronchitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the bronchial tubes, often caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
• Other Likely Diagnoses
  • Common Cold (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection): Although the presence of yellow sputum might suggest a lower respiratory tract involvement, the common cold can sometimes present with similar symptoms, especially if there's a significant postnasal drip.
  • Influenza: Influenza (the flu) can present with similar symptoms, including fever, cough, and runny nose. The presence of yellow sputum could indicate a secondary bacterial infection.
  • Pneumonia: Community-acquired pneumonia should be considered, especially if the symptoms are severe or if the patient has risk factors such as age, immunocompromised status, or underlying lung disease.
• Do Not Miss Diagnoses
  • Pneumonia (specifically, bacterial pneumonia): While listed as another likely diagnosis, it's crucial to emphasize that missing pneumonia, especially bacterial pneumonia, can be deadly. It requires prompt antibiotic treatment.
  • Pertussis (Whooping Cough): Although less common, pertussis can present with a persistent cough and should be considered, especially in unvaccinated or partially vaccinated individuals.
  • Tuberculosis (TB): While rare in many populations, TB is a critical diagnosis not to miss, especially in high-risk groups (e.g., immunocompromised patients, recent travelers to or immigrants from high-prevalence areas).
• Rare Diagnoses
  • Bronchiectasis: A condition characterized by damaged, widened airways, which can lead to chronic cough and sputum production. It's less likely to present acutely but could be considered in the differential for recurrent or persistent symptoms.
  • Cystic Fibrosis: An inherited disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs, digestive system, and other organs. It's rare and typically diagnosed in childhood, but could be considered in young adults with recurrent respiratory infections.
  • Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA): A condition that occurs in people with asthma or cystic fibrosis, characterized by an allergic reaction to a fungus called Aspergillus. It's rare and usually presents with worsening asthma symptoms, bronchiectasis, and eosinophilia.