From the Guidelines

Elbow pain due to biceps tendon injury is most commonly caused by tendinosis or rupture of the biceps tendon.

Tendinosis of the biceps tendon, which can be caused by repetitive strain or overuse 1
Rupture of the biceps tendon, which can be caused by traumatic injury or sudden contraction of the biceps muscle 1
Other causes of elbow pain, such as epicondylalgia, osteochondral injuries, collateral ligament tears, and cubital tunnel syndrome, can also contribute to elbow pain 1

MRI is a highly sensitive and specific imaging modality for diagnosing biceps tendon injuries, particularly partial tears 1
Ultrasound (US) can also be used to diagnose biceps tendon injuries, but it may not be as sensitive or specific as MRI 1
The flexion-abduction-supination (FABS) MRI view can be useful in diagnosing distal biceps tendon pathology, particularly in cases where the diagnosis is unclear 1

Treatment of biceps tendon injuries typically involves conservative measures such as rest, physical therapy, and pain management, although surgery may be necessary in some cases 1
The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the injury, as well as the patient's overall health and activity level 1

From the Research

Elbow pain due to biceps tendon injury can be caused by tendinous microtearing followed by an incomplete reparative response 2
Distal biceps tendon ruptures typically occur in middle-aged males as a result of an event that causes a sudden, eccentric contraction of the biceps 2
Tendon injuries at the elbow, including biceps tendon injuries, can progressively degenerate over time or rupture in an acute event 3
Biceps disorders are frequently associated with fluid or synovitis of the adjacent bicipital bursa 3
Forceful eccentric contraction of the biceps can cause weakness and pain, leading to biceps tendon injuries 4

Repetitive trauma from overuse is a common etiologic factor in athletes 5
Sudden muscle stretching during forced elbow hyperextension can cause brachialis injuries, which can be related to biceps tendon injuries 3
Athletes are prone to elbow injuries, including biceps tendon injuries, resulting from both overuse and acute trauma 5

Complete ruptures of the biceps tendon have traditionally been treated surgically with good results 2
Surgical repair has become the preferred method of treatment for acute, complete ruptures of the biceps tendon 4
Nonoperative management of biceps tendon injuries is generally reserved for partial ruptures or patients unfit for surgery 4