Differential Diagnosis for Acute Inflammatory Arthritis
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Septic Arthritis: This is the most likely diagnosis due to the acute onset of inflammatory arthritis, which is often characterized by severe joint pain, swelling, and limited range of motion. Septic arthritis is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent joint destruction and other complications.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Crystal Arthropathies (Gout or Pseudogout): These conditions can cause acute inflammatory arthritis and are often seen in patients with a history of similar episodes. Gout typically affects the base of the big toe, while pseudogout can affect larger joints like the knee.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Flare: Patients with a history of RA can experience acute flares of inflammatory arthritis, which can be difficult to distinguish from septic arthritis.
- Lyme Arthritis: This condition can cause acute inflammatory arthritis, particularly in patients who live in areas where Lyme disease is common.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Gonococcal Arthritis: This condition can cause acute inflammatory arthritis, particularly in young, sexually active patients. It is essential to consider this diagnosis due to the potential for severe consequences if left untreated.
- Tuberculous Arthritis: This condition can cause chronic or acute inflammatory arthritis, particularly in patients from endemic areas or with compromised immune systems.
- Fungal Arthritis: This condition can cause acute or chronic inflammatory arthritis, particularly in patients with compromised immune systems or a history of fungal infections.
Rare Diagnoses
- Viral Arthritis (e.g., Parvovirus, Hepatitis B): These conditions can cause acute inflammatory arthritis, but are relatively rare and often associated with other systemic symptoms.
- Sarcoid Arthritis: This condition can cause acute or chronic inflammatory arthritis, particularly in patients with a history of sarcoidosis.
- Whipple's Disease: This rare condition can cause chronic or acute inflammatory arthritis, particularly in patients with malabsorption or gastrointestinal symptoms.