From the Guidelines
A neoplasm is synonymous with the term "tumor" and refers to an abnormal growth of cells that serves no physiological function. This definition is supported by the Mouse Models of Human Cancers Consortium, as stated in their 2004 publication in Cancer Research 1.
Key Characteristics of Neoplasms
- Neoplasms can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous)
- Benign neoplasms grow locally without invading surrounding tissues or spreading to distant sites
- Malignant neoplasms can invade adjacent structures and metastasize to distant locations
- The development of neoplasms typically involves genetic mutations that affect cell growth regulation, DNA repair mechanisms, or programmed cell death (apoptosis)
Classification and Naming
- Neoplasms are classified based on their tissue of origin and behavior
- Specific naming conventions identify the cell type and whether they are benign or malignant Understanding the specific type of neoplasm is crucial for determining appropriate treatment approaches and prognosis, as emphasized by the classification recommendations 1.
From the Research
Definition of Neoplasm
- A neoplasm refers to an abnormal mass of tissue that results from neoplasia, the process of abnormal cell division and growth [(2,3,4)].
- Neoplasms can be benign or malignant, with malignant neoplasms being characterized by their ability to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to other parts of the body [(2,3)].
- The development of neoplasms is often driven by genetic mutations, such as those occurring in tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes [(2,4,5)].
- Neoplasms can arise from various cell types, including epithelial, connective, and hematopoietic cells, and can be classified into different types, such as carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematologic malignancies [(2,3,4)].
- The treatment of neoplasms depends on the type and stage of the disease, and may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy [(2,5,6)].