Does a 29-year-old individual who was bitten by a cat 14 days ago, with a healing wound and no antirabies treatment, require post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for rabies, considering the cat was healthy before the incident?

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Kailangan pa rin ng Post-Exposure Prophylaxis kahit 14 days na ang nakalipas

Dapat magsimula ng rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) ngayon na, kahit 14 days na ang nakalipas mula sa kagat, dahil ang pusa ay namatay at hindi nakumpleto ang 10-day observation period. 1

Bakit Kailangan pa rin ng PEP

Hindi Nakumpleto ang 10-Day Observation Period

  • Ang standard protocol ay nangangailangan ng 10-day observation period para sa healthy na aso, pusa, o ferret na kumagat sa tao. 1
  • Kung ang hayop ay namatay o napatay bago matapos ang 10 days, hindi na makukumpirma kung healthy pa rin ito throughout the observation period. 1
  • Sa kasong ito, ang pusa ay napatay sa day 14, pero ang tanong ay kung healthy pa ba ito nung mga nakaraang araw bago namatay - hindi na ito mave-verify. 1

Walang Time Limit para sa PEP

  • Ang CDC ay malinaw na nagsasabing "postexposure prophylaxis should be administered regardless of the length of the delay" basta walang clinical signs ng rabies sa exposed person. 1
  • May documented cases ng rabies incubation period na higit sa 1 taon sa mga tao, kaya kahit delayed ang treatment, effective pa rin ito. 1
  • Ang PEP ay "medical urgency, not a medical emergency" - kailangan gawin agad pero hindi pa huli ang lahat. 1

Tamang PEP Protocol para sa Pasyenteng Ito

Dahil Walang Prior Rabies Vaccination

  • Kailangan ng complete PEP regimen: Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG) + 5 doses ng rabies vaccine. 1, 2
  • RIG dosing: 20 IU/kg body weight, dapat i-infiltrate sa paligid ng sugat kung anatomically feasible, ang remaining volume ay i-inject IM sa ibang site malayo sa vaccine injection site. 1
  • Vaccine schedule: Days 0,3,7,14, at 28. 1, 3

Kahit Gumaling na ang Sugat

  • Ang healing ng sugat ay hindi basehan para hindi magbigay ng PEP. 1
  • Ang RIG ay pwede pa ring ibigay hanggang day 7 after the first vaccine dose, kahit delayed. 1, 2
  • Sa kasong ito (day 14 na), hindi na dapat ibigay ang RIG dahil assumed na may antibody response na from vaccine, pero kailangan pa rin ng vaccine series. 1

Wound Management (Kahit Late Na)

  • Kahit delayed na, dapat pa rin i-emphasize ang importance ng wound care. 1
  • Immediate washing with soap and water for 15 minutes ay markedly reduces rabies risk based on animal studies. 1, 3
  • Consider tetanus prophylaxis at bacterial infection control. 1

Critical Pitfalls na Iwasan

Hindi Pwedeng Category II Classification

  • Hindi ito Category II dahil may bleeding (Category III exposure ito). 2
  • Category III exposures require both RIG and vaccine, hindi vaccine alone. 2

Bakit Hindi Pwedeng Observation Alone

  • Ang observation period ay prospective, hindi retrospective - kailangan buhay at healthy ang hayop throughout the 10 days. 1
  • Dahil namatay ang pusa before or during the observation period, hindi na valid ang observation approach. 1
  • Kung stray or unwanted ang hayop, dapat euthanized at tested agad, o observed for 10 days - pero kung namatay na, dapat nag-start na ng PEP. 1

Specific Recommendation

Simulan agad ang PEP ngayon (day 14):

  • Day 0 (today): First dose ng rabies vaccine - WALA nang RIG dahil beyond day 7 na. 1, 2
  • Day 3: Second dose ng vaccine. 1
  • Day 7: Third dose ng vaccine. 1
  • Day 14: Fourth dose ng vaccine. 1
  • Day 28: Fifth dose ng vaccine. 1

Ang delayed PEP ay highly effective pa rin - walang documented failures ng modern cell culture vaccines with proper administration, kahit delayed ang start. 1, 4

References

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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