What is Neurobrucellosis (infection of the nervous system caused by Brucella bacteria)?

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Last updated: February 12, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

Definition and Overview of Neurobrucellosis

  • Neurobrucellosis (NB) is a rare and serious complication of brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella bacteria 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • It is characterized by the invasion of the nervous system by Brucella bacteria, leading to a range of clinical manifestations, including meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and other neurological symptoms 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Clinical Manifestations of Neurobrucellosis

  • The clinical manifestations of NB vary greatly and can be chronic, making diagnosis challenging 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Common symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, decreased consciousness, seizures, and meningeal signs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Neurological symptoms can also include limb weakness, hearing loss, sensory abnormalities, and limb paralysis 1, 2.

Diagnosis of Neurobrucellosis

  • Diagnosis of NB is based on a combination of clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and imaging examinations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Laboratory tests include serum agglutination tests, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and blood and CSF cultures for Brucella bacteria 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Imaging examinations, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can also be used to support diagnosis 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Treatment and Prognosis of Neurobrucellosis

  • Treatment of NB typically involves a combination of antibiotics, such as doxycycline, rifampicin, and ceftriaxone, for an extended period 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • The prognosis of NB is generally good, with most patients responding well to treatment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • However, delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to complications and poor outcomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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