What is Ipratropium?

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Last updated: February 12, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Ipratropium is a short-acting anticholinergic medication.

Key Characteristics of Ipratropium

  • It is used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory conditions
  • Ipratropium works by relaxing the airway muscles to improve breathing, as noted in studies such as 1
  • Compared to long-acting anticholinergics like tiotropium, ipratropium has a shorter duration of action and may not be as effective in reducing exacerbations, as seen in 1

Clinical Use of Ipratropium

  • Ipratropium can be used as a monotherapy or in combination with other medications, such as short-acting or long-acting β-agonists, to manage symptoms of COPD, as discussed in 1 and 1
  • The combination of ipratropium and a long-acting β-agonist may provide some benefits in reducing exacerbations and improving lung function, although more studies are needed to confirm this, as mentioned in 1
  • Ipratropium is generally considered safe and well-tolerated, but its effectiveness compared to other treatments may vary, as noted in 1

Important Considerations

  • The choice of ipratropium as a treatment option should be based on individual patient needs and preferences, as well as the severity of their COPD symptoms
  • Patients should be monitored regularly to assess the effectiveness of ipratropium and adjust their treatment plan as needed, taking into account the latest clinical guidelines and evidence, such as those presented in 1 and 1

From the FDA Drug Label

The active ingredient, ipratropium bromide monohydrate, USP, is an anticholinergic bronchodilator Ipratropium bromide is an anticholinergic (parasympatholytic) agent that, based on animal studies, appears to inhibit vagally mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of acetylcholine, the transmitter agent released from the vagus nerve

Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that works by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine and preventing vagally mediated reflexes. It is used to treat bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 2 2

From the Research

Definition and Mechanism of Action

  • Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator administered by inhalation 3, 4.
  • It produces bronchodilation by competitive inhibition of cholinergic receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, antagonizing the action of acetylcholine 4.
  • Ipratropium has a slower onset of action compared to beta-2 agonists, but its effects last longer, typically 4 to 6 hours 3.

Therapeutic Uses

  • Ipratropium is used to treat obstructive airways diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma 5, 3, 6, 4.
  • It is often used in combination with beta-2 agonists to improve lung function and reduce symptoms in patients with COPD and asthma 5, 3, 6.
  • Ipratropium may be used as an alternative to beta-2 agonists in patients who do not respond to these agents or experience side effects 3, 4.

Efficacy and Safety

  • Studies have shown that ipratropium is effective in improving lung function and reducing symptoms in patients with COPD and asthma 5, 3, 6.
  • Ipratropium has been shown to be well-tolerated, with few significant adverse effects reported 3, 4.
  • Combination therapy with ipratropium and beta-2 agonists has been shown to be effective in improving lung function and reducing hospitalizations in patients with acute asthma exacerbations 6.

Comparison with Other Treatments

  • Ipratropium has been compared to tiotropium, another anticholinergic bronchodilator, in patients with COPD 7.
  • Studies have shown that tiotropium may be more effective than ipratropium in improving lung function and reducing exacerbations and hospitalizations in patients with COPD 7.

References

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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