From the Research
For a newborn with torticollis, perform gentle stretching exercises 3-5 times daily during diaper changes or when the baby is calm, as recommended by the most recent and highest quality study 1. These exercises should be held for 10-30 seconds, repeating 5-10 times per session. The baby's head should be positioned to face the non-preferred side during sleep (always on their back for safety) and while awake. Some key points to consider when providing home instructions for a newborn with torticollis include:
- Practicing tummy time for 5-15 minutes, 2-3 times daily, using toys to encourage the baby to turn toward the affected side
- Carrying the baby in positions that promote looking away from the preferred side
- Alternating feeding positions to encourage neck movement in both directions
- Considering using a rolled towel or small blanket for side-lying support during supervised play Most cases of congenital torticollis improve with these home exercises within 4-6 months, but consistency is crucial, as noted in the study 1. If no improvement is seen after 2-3 months of consistent stretching, it is essential to consult the pediatrician, as physical therapy may be needed, as suggested by the study 1. These exercises work by gradually lengthening the shortened sternocleidomastoid muscle that causes the head tilt and rotation, helping the baby develop normal neck mobility and preventing complications like flattening of the head. It is also important to note that the study 2 provides a comprehensive overview of torticollis, including its classification, causes, and treatment options, but the most recent and highest quality study 1 provides the most up-to-date guidance on physical therapy management of congenital muscular torticollis.