Does hypertension (HTA) in a clinical setting score one point in the CHAD VASc scoring system?

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Sí, la hipertensión vale 1 punto en el puntaje CHA₂DS₂-VASc

La hipertensión arterial (HTA) otorga exactamente 1 punto en el sistema de puntuación CHA₂DS₂-VASc, independientemente de si está controlada o no controlada en el momento de la evaluación. 1

Definición de Hipertensión para el Puntaje

La hipertensión se define de dos maneras para asignar el punto:

  • Historia documentada de hipertensión - Un diagnóstico previo de HTA es suficiente para otorgar el punto 1
  • Tratamiento antihipertensivo actual - Pacientes que reciben medicación antihipertensiva califican para el punto, sin importar el control actual de la presión arterial 1
  • Presión arterial >140/90 mmHg - Mediciones elevadas en consultorio también califican 1

Consideración Clínica Importante

Un error común es confundir los criterios de HTA entre CHA₂DS₂-VASc y HAS-BLED:

  • En CHA₂DS₂-VASc: Cualquier historia de hipertensión = 1 punto (controlada o no) 1
  • En HAS-BLED: Solo hipertensión no controlada (presión sistólica >160 mmHg) = 1 punto 2

Esta distinción es crítica porque ambos puntajes se usan simultáneamente en la evaluación de pacientes con fibrilación auricular 3.

Componentes Completos del Puntaje CHA₂DS₂-VASc

El acrónimo completo incluye 2, 1:

  • C - Insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva: 1 punto
  • H - Hipertensión: 1 punto
  • A₂ - Edad ≥75 años: 2 puntos
  • D - Diabetes mellitus: 1 punto
  • S₂ - Accidente cerebrovascular/AIT/tromboembolismo previo: 2 puntos
  • V - Enfermedad vascular: 1 punto
  • A - Edad 65-74 años: 1 punto
  • Sc - Sexo (femenino): 1 punto

Puntaje máximo: 9 puntos 1

Implicaciones para Anticoagulación

La presencia de hipertensión como único factor de riesgo tiene implicaciones específicas 1, 4:

  • Hombres con puntaje ≥1 (ej: solo HTA): Considerar anticoagulación
  • Mujeres con puntaje ≥2 (ej: HTA + sexo femenino): Considerar anticoagulación
  • Puntaje ≥2 en hombres o ≥3 en mujeres: Anticoagulación oral recomendada 2

La hipertensión aumenta significativamente el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular cuando se combina con otros factores - pacientes con un factor de riesgo adicional (CHA₂DS₂-VASc = 1 en hombres) tienen un aumento de 3.01 veces en la tasa de accidente cerebrovascular comparado con pacientes de riesgo verdaderamente bajo 4.

References

Guideline

CHA₂DS₂-VASc Risk Stratification for Atrial Fibrillation

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score Calculation and Clinical Implications

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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