What type of supplements are recommended for osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease)?

From the Guidelines

For osteoarthritis, turmeric/curcumin supplements (500-1000mg daily with black pepper extract) are recommended as they may help reduce joint pain and inflammation, although results vary between individuals. According to the most recent and highest quality study, 1, dietary supplements such as glucosamine, chondroitin, turmeric, ginger extract, and vitamin D have been evaluated for the management of osteoarthritis of the knee. While the evidence does not consistently demonstrate a benefit to dietary supplements, the risks involved are relatively minimal.

Some key points to consider:

• Turmeric/curcumin supplements have anti-inflammatory properties that may decrease joint pain 1
• Omega-3 fatty acids (1000-2000mg daily) can reduce inflammation, although their effectiveness in osteoarthritis is not well established 1
• Vitamin D (1000-2000 IU daily) is important for bone health, but its effectiveness in osteoarthritis is not well established 1
• Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are not recommended due to lack of evidence of their effectiveness in osteoarthritis 1
• It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting supplements, especially if you take medications, as interactions are possible.

It is crucial to note that the effectiveness of supplements can vary between individuals, and they work best alongside conventional treatments like physical therapy and weight management. Always prioritize consulting with a healthcare provider before starting any supplements.

From the Research

Recommended Supplements for Osteoarthritis

The following supplements are recommended for osteoarthritis:

• Glucosamine and chondroitin, which are considered safe and have a good safety profile 2, 3, 4
• Avocado/soybean unsaponifiables, which have reasonable evidence to support their use in osteoarthritis 4
• Omega-3 fatty acids, which have anti-inflammatory properties and may help reduce OA symptoms 4, 5
• Chondroitin sulfate, which may have clinically significant benefits when properly standardized 6

Key Considerations

When using these supplements, consider the following:

• The quality of the supplement, as some products may have incorrect dosing, suboptimal compound manufacture, or contamination with by-products 2, 6
• The potential for interactions with other medications or adverse effects, such as epigastric pain, heartburn, diarrhea, or nausea 2
• The importance of proper standardization of chondroitin sulfate supplements to ensure efficacy 6

Mechanisms of Action

These supplements may work by:

• Affecting cytokine-mediated pathways regulating inflammation, cartilage degradation, and immune responses 2
• Inducing key intermediates in the OA pathophysiological process 3
• Stimulating the anabolic process of cartilage metabolism and delaying inflammation-induced catabolic processes 5