Time Duration for TCV Vaccine to Induce Fever
Fever typically occurs within 24 to 72 hours after TCV (Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine) administration, with most cases appearing within the first 48 hours post-vaccination.
Timing of Fever Onset
Based on available evidence for typhoid conjugate vaccines:
- Fever onset is most common within 48 hours of TCV administration, consistent with the typical post-vaccination fever pattern seen with other conjugated vaccines 1, 2
- Peak incidence occurs within the first 24 hours, with approximately 7.4% of vaccine recipients reporting fever at 48-hour follow-up 2
- By 7 days post-vaccination, fever incidence decreases to approximately 4% of recipients, suggesting most febrile reactions resolve within the first week 2
Fever Incidence Data
The largest safety evaluation of TCV (Typbar-TCV) in the public sector provides specific timing data:
- At 48 hours post-vaccination: 416 of 5,605 caregivers (7.4%) reported fever 2
- At 7 days post-vaccination: 200 of 4,728 caregivers (4%) reported fever 2
- Overall adverse event rate: Only 0.2% of 113,420 vaccine recipients reported adverse events through passive surveillance, with fever being among the most common 2
Clinical Context and Management
Temperature thresholds requiring evaluation:
- Fever ≥40.5°C (≥105°F) within 48 hours of any tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine (which includes TCV) mandates immediate medical assessment 1, 3
- Any fever beginning ≥24 hours after vaccination should not be automatically attributed to the vaccine and requires evaluation to rule out serious bacterial infection 1
Important clinical distinctions:
- TCV-related fever is typically self-limited and resolves without intervention within 48-72 hours 2
- The fever pattern differs from DTaP vaccines, where fever >38°C occurs in 6.3-26.4% depending on dose number 3
- No serious vaccine-attributable adverse events were identified in the large-scale TCV introduction study 2
Age-Specific Considerations
For infants and young children receiving TCV:
- Children aged 6 months to 14 years were included in the safety evaluation, with fever rates consistent across age groups 2
- Younger children (6 months to 2 years) may have faster antibody decay but similar acute fever patterns 4
- Acetaminophen 10-15 mg/kg every 4-6 hours can be used for comfort if fever occurs, though routine prophylactic use is not recommended 1
Key Clinical Pitfalls to Avoid
- Do not dismiss fever occurring >72 hours post-vaccination as vaccine-related; investigate for other infectious causes 1
- Do not confuse typical post-vaccination fever with the rare serious reactions (hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes, seizures, persistent crying ≥3 hours) that require immediate evaluation 1, 3
- Monitor for 15 minutes post-vaccination to prevent fall-related injuries from vasovagal syncope, which can occur immediately after any injection 5