What does the second letter of a pacemaker's three-letter code represent: Chamber paced, Chamber sensed, Rate modulation, or Response to sensed event?

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Pacemaker Three-Letter Code: Second Position

The second letter of the three-letter pacemaker code represents the chamber(s) sensed. 1

Understanding the NBG Pacemaker Code Structure

The standardized pacemaker nomenclature uses a systematic approach where each position has specific meaning 1:

Position Definitions

Position I (First Letter): Chamber(s) Paced 1

  • O = none
  • A = atrium
  • V = ventricle
  • D = dual (both atrium and ventricle)

Position II (Second Letter): Chamber(s) Sensed 1

  • O = none
  • A = atrium
  • V = ventricle
  • D = dual (both atrium and ventricle)

Position III (Third Letter): Response to Sensed Event 1

  • O = none
  • I = inhibited
  • T = triggered
  • D = dual (both triggered and inhibited)

Position IV (Fourth Letter): Rate Modulation 1

  • O = none
  • R = rate modulation present

Position V (Fifth Letter): Multisite Pacing 1

  • O = none
  • A = atrium
  • V = ventricle
  • D = dual chambers

Clinical Application Examples

Common Pacing Modes Explained

VVI Mode: The device paces the Ventricle, senses the Ventricle, and is Inhibited by sensed ventricular activity 1

DDD Mode: The device paces Dual chambers (atrium and ventricle), senses Dual chambers, and has a Dual response (inhibits pacing when intrinsic activity is sensed, triggers ventricular pacing after sensed atrial activity) 1

VDD Mode: The device paces only the Ventricle, but senses Dual chambers (both atrium and ventricle), allowing it to track atrial activity and maintain AV synchrony without atrial pacing capability 1

Key Clinical Pitfall

A common error is confusing sensing with pacing—the second letter specifically indicates which chamber(s) the device monitors for intrinsic electrical activity, not which chamber(s) it stimulates 1. This distinction is critical for understanding pacemaker function and troubleshooting device behavior in your elderly patient with near syncope 1.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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