What is the most likely injured organ in a vitally stable child with upper abdominal pain after blunt abdominal trauma where the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) exam is not conclusive?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: December 16, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Most Likely Injured Organ in Pediatric Blunt Abdominal Trauma

The spleen (Option B) is the most likely injured organ in this 9-year-old with bicycle trauma and upper abdominal pain, as it is the most commonly injured solid organ in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma. 1, 2, 3, 4

Epidemiologic Evidence

  • The spleen is definitively the most frequently injured organ in blunt abdominal trauma in children, often being the only organ injured 5, 3, 4
  • Bicycle handlebar injuries specifically create a mechanism that commonly results in splenic trauma due to direct compression against the left upper quadrant 1
  • The liver is the second most common organ injured, but less frequently than the spleen in pediatric populations 4, 6
  • Pancreatic injuries are relatively rare in blunt abdominal trauma, though handlebar mechanisms can occasionally cause them 7
  • Renal injuries are uncommon in this clinical scenario 4

Clinical Presentation Supporting Splenic Injury

  • Upper abdominal pain, particularly left-sided, with referred left shoulder pain is characteristic of splenic trauma in children 1
  • The patient's hemodynamic stability does not exclude splenic injury, as splenic rupture can present with only mild symptoms initially 5, 8
  • The elastic pediatric rib cage transmits force into the abdominal compartment more readily than in adults, making splenic injury more likely even without rib fractures 1

Diagnostic Approach When FAST is Non-Conclusive

  • FAST has poor sensitivity (50-92%) for detecting splenic injury in children, with only 13.7% of pediatric trauma patients with suspected intra-abdominal injuries undergoing FAST examination 1, 2
  • Contrast-enhanced CT scan is the gold standard and should be performed in this hemodynamically stable child with upper abdominal pain and non-diagnostic FAST 1, 2, 7
  • The World Journal of Emergency Surgery specifically recommends CT scanning in children at risk for injuries that might be missed by FAST, which includes this exact clinical scenario 2

Common Pitfall to Avoid

Do not rely on a negative or inconclusive FAST to exclude significant injury—FAST frequently misses splenic injuries in children and should never be the sole diagnostic test 7. The combination of mechanism (bicycle trauma), location of pain (upper abdomen), and hemodynamic stability makes this patient an ideal candidate for CT imaging rather than observation alone 1, 2.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Blunt Abdominal Trauma

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Research

Blunt Spleen and Liver Trauma.

Journal of pediatric intensive care, 2015

Guideline

Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatic Injury in Handlebar Trauma

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Related Questions

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.