From the Research
For unexplained weight loss in an elderly person, a comprehensive blood panel is recommended, including a complete blood count (CBC), comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), thyroid function tests, and inflammatory markers, as suggested by the most recent study 1. This approach is crucial because unexplained weight loss in the elderly can signal serious underlying conditions, including cancer, endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal problems, or chronic infections. The recommended tests should include:
- Complete blood count (CBC) to check for anemia or infections
- Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) to assess kidney and liver function
- Thyroid function tests (TSH, T3, T4) to rule out hyperthyroidism
- Hemoglobin A1C to screen for diabetes
- Inflammatory markers like ESR or CRP Additional tests should include:
- Vitamin B12 and folate levels to check for deficiencies
- Screening for occult malignancies with tests like CA-125, PSA (for men), or CEA
- Urinalysis to identify kidney issues or infections
- Fecal occult blood test to detect gastrointestinal bleeding These tests are essential for early detection and timely intervention, which can significantly improve outcomes in elderly patients with unexplained weight loss, as highlighted in the study 1. It is also important to consider the patient's medications, as some can contribute to weight loss, and to address any social or psychiatric factors that may be contributing to the weight loss, as noted in the study 2. Furthermore, a recent review 3 emphasizes the usefulness of complete blood count (CBC) in assessing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, which can be relevant in the context of unexplained weight loss in the elderly.