From the Guidelines
No, a child with influenza and fever should not travel on day 5 of illness, as they can still be contagious and may pose a risk to others, especially in enclosed spaces like public transportation 1.
Key Considerations
- The incubation period of influenza is 1-4 days, with an average of 2 days 1.
- Children can be infectious for up to 10 days after the onset of symptoms 1.
- Adults and children can be contagious from the day before symptoms begin through approximately 5 days after illness onset 1.
- Uncomplicated influenza illness typically resolves after 3 to 7 days, but cough and malaise can persist for more than 2 weeks 1.
Travel Risks
- Traveling with influenza can increase the risk of transmission to others, particularly in areas with poor ventilation or crowded spaces.
- Children with influenza may also be at risk of developing complications, such as otitis media, pneumonia, or febrile seizures, which can be exacerbated by travel 1.
From the Research
Influenza in Children and Travel
- The decision to travel with a child who has influenza and fever depends on various factors, including the child's overall health, the severity of the illness, and the mode of transportation.
- According to 2, the febrile illness associated with influenza typically lasts for 3-4 days, with resolution of the disease in 7-10 days.
- By day 5 of illness, the child's fever may have resolved, but it is essential to consider other factors, such as the child's energy levels, appetite, and presence of other symptoms like cough and sore throat.
Risks of Transmission
- Influenza can be transmitted through droplets from an infected person or through direct contact with an infected person or fomites 2.
- Children with influenza can be contagious even after their fever has resolved, highlighting the importance of taking precautions to prevent transmission, such as practicing good hygiene and using face masks.
Guidance on Travel
- There is no specific guidance in the provided studies on traveling with a child who has influenza and fever on day 5 of illness.
- However, considering the potential risks of transmission and the child's overall health, it is crucial to weigh the benefits and risks of travel and take necessary precautions to prevent the spread of the illness.
- The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends antiviral treatment for children with suspected or confirmed influenza who are hospitalized, have severe or progressive disease, or have underlying conditions that increase their risk of complications of influenza 3.
Precautions and Prevention
- To reduce the risk of transmission, it is essential to practice good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing, cough etiquette, and use of face masks 2, 3.
- Vaccination is also an effective way to prevent influenza, and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends annual influenza vaccination for all children without medical contraindications starting at 6 months of age 3.