From the Guidelines
Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a biodegradable synthetic polymer used in various medical applications, including dermal fillers and absorbable sutures, due to its biocompatibility and ability to stimulate collagen production. The use of PLLA in cosmetic procedures has been shown to provide gradual and natural-looking results that can last up to two years 1. When injected into the skin, PLLA microparticles create a scaffolding effect that supports tissue structure while triggering fibroblasts to produce new collagen.
Some of the key benefits of PLLA include:
- Biocompatibility and ability to safely break down into carbon dioxide and water in the body
- Ability to stimulate collagen production, providing gradual and natural-looking results
- Use in various medical applications, including dermal fillers and absorbable sutures
- Gradual degradation allows it to provide structural support while the body heals and regenerates tissue
The treatment typically requires a series of injections spaced about four to six weeks apart, with full results developing over several months as collagen regeneration occurs 1. Side effects may include temporary injection site reactions like swelling, redness, or small bumps under the skin. The most recent study on the use of PLLA in medical applications was published in 2023, which highlights its effectiveness and safety in various procedures 1.
From the Research
Definition and Characteristics of Poly-L-Lactic Acid
- Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a synthetic, biocompatible, biodegradable polymer 2, 3, 4.
- It is supplied as a lyophilized powder containing PLLA microparticles, with tightly controlled size and chemical attributes 3.
- PLLA generates a subclinical inflammatory tissue response, leading to encapsulation of the microparticles, stimulation of host collagen production, and fibroplasia 2, 3.
Mechanism of Action
- The unique physiochemical and biostimulatory properties of PLLA stimulate collagen synthesis, resulting in the restoration of facial volume in a controlled and predictable manner 2, 5.
- The inflammatory response caused by PLLA leads to the generation of new volume and structural support, which can last for years 3.
- PLLA degrades over time, and the inflammatory response wanes, while host collagen production increases 3.
Applications of Poly-L-Lactic Acid
- PLLA has been used in soft tissue augmentation, including the treatment of HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy and age-related facial volume loss 4.
- It is also used in body rejuvenation, targeting areas such as the neck, chest, buttocks, abdomen, upper arms, thighs, knees, and hands 6.
- PLLA-based collagen stimulators have been shown to be safe and effective, with a high level of patient satisfaction and a good safety profile 6.