What's the best way for post MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) students to prepare for the MRCS (Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons) exam?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: December 27, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

MRCS Exam Preparation for Post-MBBS Students

Post-MBBS students should prioritize early attempts at MRCS during Foundation Year 1 or immediately after, as success rates decline significantly with advancing training stage and repeated attempts.

Optimal Timing Strategy

Attempt MRCS Part A as early as possible in your surgical training pathway. Foundation Year 1 doctors demonstrate the highest pass rates compared to all other training grades 1, 2. Each additional attempt at Part A decreases your odds of passing by 14%, while Part B odds decrease by 30% with each subsequent attempt 2. Younger graduates consistently outperform mature graduates (odds ratio 2.60) 1, 2.

Understanding the Two-Part Structure

Part A (Written MCQ Component)

  • Multiple-choice examination testing basic surgical sciences 1
  • Strong predictor of Part B performance (correlation coefficient r = 0.41) 1, 2
  • Your Part A score, number of attempts, and performance directly influence Part B success 1, 2

Part B (Clinical Component)

  • Clinical examination and applied knowledge assessment 3
  • Demonstrates significant correlation with subsequent surgical training assessments 3
  • Requires practical clinical skills including modern techniques like hand-held Doppler examination 4

Key Preparation Principles

Focus on mastering fundamental surgical principles rather than memorizing outdated techniques. The MRCS aims to prepare surgeons for higher surgical training with comprehensive general surgical knowledge and in-depth understanding of basic surgical principles 5. You should be able to manage acutely unwell surgical patients using principles of surgical anatomy, physiology, and pathology, knowing what to do during the critical "golden hour" 5.

Clinical Skills Development

  • Learn evidence-based examination techniques, not obsolete tests 4
  • For varicose vein examination: prioritize clinical examination and hand-held Doppler over outdated Trendelenburg, cough impulse, and tap tests 4
  • Gain practical experience during clinical rotations, particularly vascular surgery posts which significantly improve technical skills like Doppler use 4

Timeline Considerations for Part-Time Trainees

If pursuing less-than-full-time (LTFT) training, time limits for MRCS completion operate on a pro-rata basis 6. These adjusted timelines should be clearly communicated by your training program 6. Complete required work-based assessments proportionally according to your percentage of full-time work 6.

Critical Success Factors

Demographic and Training Stage Factors

  • Stage of training and ethnicity are the only common predictors of success for both Part A and Part B 1, 2
  • Male candidates show higher pass rates than female candidates (OR 2.78) 1, 2
  • White candidates demonstrate higher pass rates than Black and Minority Ethnic candidates (OR 1.70) 1, 2

Strategic Approach

  • Maximize your first attempt preparation - success rates decline dramatically with repeated attempts 2
  • Recognize that Part A performance directly predicts Part B outcomes 1, 2
  • Plan attempts during optimal career stages (Foundation Year 1 preferred) 1, 2

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Do not delay your MRCS attempts. The examination becomes progressively more difficult to pass as you advance through training grades 1, 2. Core Surgical Year 2 trainees have significantly lower odds of passing compared to Foundation Year 1 doctors (OR 0.50) 1.

Avoid relying on outdated examination techniques. Many traditional clinical tests taught in medical school and classical surgical textbooks are now considered obsolete by examiners 4. Focus on evidence-based, modern assessment methods that reflect current surgical practice 4.

Do not underestimate the importance of Part A performance. Your Part A score and number of attempts significantly influence Part B success, making early Part A success crucial for overall MRCS completion 1, 2.

References

Research

Establishing the predictive validity of the intercollegiate membership of the Royal Colleges of surgeons written examination: MRCS part B.

The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland, 2023

Research

ABS to MRCS at the RCS: philosophy, format and future.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1998

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.