What topical medication is used for a stage 2 pressure (decubitus) ulcer?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: February 13, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

Hydrocolloid or foam dressings are used as topical medications for stage 2 pressure (decubitus) ulcers.

Key Points

  • The American College of Physicians (ACP) recommends the use of hydrocolloid or foam dressings in patients with pressure ulcers to reduce wound size, with a grade of weak recommendation and low-quality evidence 1.
  • The ACP guideline emphasizes the importance of promoting wound healing and minimizing the risk of complications in patients with pressure ulcers.
  • Treatment interventions for pressure ulcers include management of underlying conditions, protection and promotion of wound healing, and surgical repair of the wound.
  • Hydrocolloid dressings are commonly used for stage 2 pressure ulcers, as they provide a moist environment that promotes wound healing and protects the wound from further injury.
  • Foam dressings are also used for stage 2 pressure ulcers, as they provide cushioning and protection for the wound, and can help to reduce pain and discomfort.

Additional Considerations

  • The use of topical applications and adjunctive therapies may also be considered in the treatment of pressure ulcers, depending on the individual patient's needs and the severity of the ulcer.
  • The ACP guideline notes that treatment of pressure ulcers often requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving clinicians from various specialties and healthcare settings.

From the Research

Topical Medications for Stage 2 Pressure Ulcers

  • The use of topical medications for treating stage 2 pressure ulcers has been explored in various studies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • According to a study published in 2017, topical phenytoin may not be more effective than hydrocolloid dressings or simple dressings in healing pressure ulcers 3.
  • Another study published in 2019 suggested that topical sevoflurane could be an alternative treatment for pressure ulcers, with beneficial effects including good analgesic action, antibiotic effects, and acceleration of wound healing 4.
  • A case study published in 2021 reported the use of topical sevoflurane in a double-lung transplant patient with a sacral pressure ulcer, resulting in reduced analgesic consumption and improved wound healing 5.
  • A randomized controlled trial published in 2003 compared the effects of topical collagen and hydrocolloid on pressure ulcer healing, finding similar complete healing rates and mean healing times between the two treatments 6.

Comparison of Topical Medications

  • The studies suggest that various topical medications, including phenytoin, sevoflurane, collagen, and hydrocolloid, may be used to treat stage 2 pressure ulcers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • However, the evidence is limited, and more research is needed to determine the most effective topical medication for treating stage 2 pressure ulcers 2, 3.
  • The choice of topical medication may depend on factors such as wound symptoms, clinical experience, patient preference, and cost 2, 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Dressings and topical agents for treating pressure ulcers.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017

Research

Topical phenytoin for treating pressure ulcers.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017

Research

Topical Sevoflurane: An Alternative Treatment for Pressure Ulcers.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP, 2019

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.