Differential Diagnosis for 14 Month Old with Fever
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Viral upper respiratory tract infection (e.g., common cold): This is the most common cause of fever in a 14-month-old child, given the high frequency of viral infections in this age group due to their developing immune system and frequent exposure to pathogens.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Otitis media (ear infection): Common in young children due to the short length of the Eustachian tube, which can lead to bacterial or viral infections.
- Pharyngitis (throat infection): Can be caused by viruses or bacteria, such as streptococcal pharyngitis, which is more common in older children but can occur in younger ones.
- Gastroenteritis (stomach flu): Viral or bacterial infections that cause diarrhea and vomiting, which are common in this age group.
- Urinary tract infection (UTI): Although less common, UTIs can occur in young children, especially those who are not yet toilet-trained, and can present with fever as the primary symptom.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Bacterial meningitis: A severe and potentially life-threatening infection that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Although less common, it is critical to consider in a febrile child, especially if there are signs of severe illness or specific risk factors.
- Sepsis: A systemic infection that can lead to severe consequences if not recognized and treated promptly. It's crucial to consider in any child with fever, especially if there are signs of distress or instability.
- Pneumonia: Can range from mild to severe and may require hospitalization, especially in young children. It's essential to consider, especially if there are respiratory symptoms.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Kawasaki disease: An autoimmune condition that can cause fever, rash, and other symptoms. It's rare but important to consider due to the potential for cardiac complications if not treated.
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA): Can present with fever and joint symptoms, although it's less common in children as young as 14 months.
- Leukemia or other malignancies: Although very rare, these conditions can present with persistent or recurrent fevers among other symptoms, and it's crucial to keep them in mind during the diagnostic process.