Why is the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) against using pacifiers in infants?

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Last updated: January 11, 2026View editorial policy

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The American Academy of Pediatrics is NOT Against Pacifier Use

The American Academy of Pediatrics actually recommends pacifier use at naptime and bedtime as an A-level recommendation to reduce the risk of SIDS. 1 This is a common misconception—the AAP actively supports pacifier use with specific timing guidelines, not opposition to it.

Why the AAP Recommends Pacifiers

The AAP's position is based on strong protective evidence against sudden infant death syndrome:

  • Pacifiers reduce SIDS risk by 50-90% when used during sleep periods, with the protective effect persisting even after the pacifier falls from the infant's mouth 1
  • Meta-analyses demonstrate pacifier use decreases SIDS risk by 50-60% (adjusted OR: 0.39,95% CI: 0.31-0.50) 1
  • The protective mechanism likely involves favorable modification of autonomic control during sleep and maintaining airway patency 1

The Critical Timing Caveat for Breastfed Infants

The AAP's only restriction is timing for breastfed babies—delay pacifier introduction until breastfeeding is firmly established, typically by 3-4 weeks of age 1, 2:

  • This delay prevents potential interference with breastfeeding establishment 2
  • For infants who are not being directly breastfed, pacifiers can begin immediately 2
  • Well-designed randomized controlled trials show that pacifiers do not shorten breastfeeding duration when introduced appropriately 1

Additional Benefits Beyond SIDS Prevention

Pacifiers provide legitimate medical benefits 2, 3:

  • Analgesic effects during minor painful procedures (heel sticks, venipuncture, IV insertion, immunizations) in infants younger than 6 months
  • Enhanced pain reduction when combined with 25% sucrose solution
  • Calming effects through nonnutritive sucking

Safety Guidelines the AAP Does Emphasize

The AAP provides specific safety precautions rather than opposing use 2:

  • Never hang pacifiers around the infant's neck due to strangulation risk
  • Do not attach pacifiers to infant clothing with sleeping infants
  • Do not reinsert the pacifier once the infant falls asleep—the protective effect persists even after it falls out 2

When to Wean

The American Academy of Family Physicians recommends weaning during the second 6 months of life (after 6 months of age) to prevent otitis media 3, 4, though the AAP's primary focus remains on the SIDS-protective benefits during the highest-risk period.

Common Pitfall

The most common misconception is confusing the AAP's recommendation to delay pacifier introduction in breastfed infants (until 3-4 weeks) with opposition to pacifier use entirely 2. The AAP strongly supports pacifier use as a SIDS risk-reduction strategy—it's an A-level recommendation, their highest grade of evidence 1.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Pacifier Use Guidelines

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Research

Risks and benefits of pacifiers.

American family physician, 2009

Research

Pacifiers: Common Questions and Answers.

American family physician, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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