From the Research
The epiglottis is moved by skeletal muscle, specifically the hyoepiglottic muscle, which connects the hyoid bone to the epiglottis. This muscle is under voluntary control, which is characteristic of skeletal muscle tissue. When you swallow, this skeletal muscle contracts to pull the epiglottis down over the larynx, preventing food and liquid from entering the airway and directing them into the esophagus instead. After swallowing, the muscle relaxes, allowing the epiglottis to return to its upright position so breathing can resume. This voluntary control is essential for coordinating breathing and swallowing, which is why the epiglottis is controlled by skeletal muscle rather than smooth muscle (which would function involuntarily). The skeletal muscle control allows for the precise timing needed during the complex swallowing process.
Key Points
- The epiglottis plays a crucial role in preventing food and liquid from entering the airway during swallowing.
- Skeletal muscle control of the epiglottis is necessary for the precise timing and coordination of breathing and swallowing.
- The hyoepiglottic muscle, which connects the hyoid bone to the epiglottis, is the specific skeletal muscle responsible for moving the epiglottis.
- Voluntary control of the epiglottis is essential for preventing aspiration and ensuring safe swallowing.
Relevant Evidence
Although the provided studies do not directly address the type of muscle that moves the epiglottis, they highlight the importance of swallowing and aspiration in various medical conditions, such as dysphagia, COPD, and pneumonia 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. These studies emphasize the need for proper swallowing function and coordination to prevent complications, which is made possible by the skeletal muscle control of the epiglottis.