What are the benefits of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation (PBM) using red light?

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Last updated: April 16, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Red light therapy is conditionally recommended for the treatment of actinic keratosis, with a low quality of evidence, as it has shown potential in improving skin conditions and promoting wound healing. The benefits of red light therapy are thought to be due to its ability to stimulate cellular energy production in mitochondria, reducing inflammation and promoting wound healing 1.

Key Benefits of Red Light Therapy

  • Red light therapy may help reduce inflammation and promote wound healing 1
  • It can improve skin conditions like acne and wrinkles by stimulating cellular energy production in mitochondria 1
  • Regular sessions can potentially relieve joint pain and muscle soreness by increasing circulation and reducing oxidative stress 1
  • Red light therapy may also improve sleep quality by influencing melatonin production and could boost hair growth for some individuals 1

Treatment Recommendations

  • The Work Group conditionally recommends the use of ALA-red light PDT for patients with actinic keratosis, with a low quality of evidence 1
  • The recommended incubation time for 5-ALA is 1 to 4 hours to enhance complete clearance with red light PDT 1
  • Red light therapy is considered safe with minimal side effects, but consistent use over weeks or months is usually necessary to see benefits 1

Important Considerations

  • Results vary between individuals, and professional treatments may provide more powerful and targeted therapy 1
  • Home devices are available, but their effectiveness may differ from professional treatments 1
  • The quality of evidence for red light therapy is generally low, and more research is needed to fully understand its benefits and limitations 1

From the Research

Benefits of Red Light Therapy

The benefits of red light therapy are numerous and well-documented in various studies. Some of the key benefits include:

  • Wound healing: Red light therapy has been shown to promote wound healing by enhancing mitochondrial ATP production, cell signaling, and growth factor synthesis, and attenuating oxidative stress 2, 3, 4.
  • Pain relief: Red light therapy has been found to be effective in pain relief, with studies showing a significant reduction in pain levels in patients undergoing red light therapy 2.
  • Skin rejuvenation: Red light therapy has been shown to be effective in reversing the signs of skin aging, including fine lines, wrinkles, and age spots 5, 6.
  • Improved skin quality: Red light therapy has been found to improve skin quality, including firmness, elasticity, and smoothness 6.

Mechanisms of Action

The mechanisms of action of red light therapy are complex and involve the absorption of red light energy by cells, which leads to a series of physiological effects, including:

  • Enhanced mitochondrial ATP production: Red light therapy has been shown to increase mitochondrial ATP production, which is essential for cellular energy metabolism 5, 6.
  • Cell signaling and growth factor synthesis: Red light therapy has been found to enhance cell signaling and growth factor synthesis, which are critical for tissue repair and regeneration 2, 3.
  • Attenuation of oxidative stress: Red light therapy has been shown to reduce oxidative stress, which is a major contributor to tissue damage and aging 5, 4.

Clinical Applications

Red light therapy has a range of clinical applications, including:

  • Wound care: Red light therapy is used to promote wound healing and reduce pain and inflammation in patients with chronic wounds 2, 3, 4.
  • Skin rejuvenation: Red light therapy is used to reverse the signs of skin aging, including fine lines, wrinkles, and age spots 5, 6.
  • Pain management: Red light therapy is used to manage pain in patients with chronic pain conditions 2.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

[Efficacy and safety evaluation of systemic red light therapy for burn wound repair].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation, 2010

Research

Effects of continuous-wave (670-nm) red light on wound healing.

Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.], 2008

Research

Reverse skin aging signs by red light photobiomodulation.

Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI), 2023

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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