Should an 18-month-old child who has been diagnosed with and recovered from varicella (chickenpox) receive the varicella vaccine?

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Last updated: January 27, 2026View editorial policy

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Withhold the Varicella Vaccine

A child who has already had confirmed varicella (chickenpox) does not need and should not receive the varicella vaccine, as natural infection provides lifelong immunity that is superior to vaccine-induced immunity. 1, 2

Evidence of Immunity Eliminates Need for Vaccination

  • A documented history of varicella disease verified by a healthcare provider constitutes evidence of immunity and is a valid reason to withhold varicella vaccination. 1, 2

  • In this case, the diagnosis was confirmed by a pediatrician and the mother has photographic documentation showing typical varicella lesions, which satisfies the criteria for verified history of disease. 1

  • The American Academy of Pediatrics explicitly states that evidence of immunity includes "verification of a history of varicella disease or herpes zoster by a health care provider." 1

Natural Infection Provides Superior Protection

  • Natural varicella infection provides lifelong immunity in immunocompetent individuals, making vaccination unnecessary and redundant. 3

  • Children who have recovered from natural chickenpox have already developed robust cellular and humoral immunity against varicella-zoster virus. 3

Why Other Options Are Incorrect

  • Option B (Give vaccine) is inappropriate because vaccinating someone with documented immunity provides no additional benefit and wastes resources. 1, 2

  • Option C (Postpone) is incorrect because there is no future timepoint at which this child would need varicella vaccination—natural immunity is permanent. 1

  • Option D (Give immunoglobulin) is only indicated for post-exposure prophylaxis in susceptible individuals within 96 hours of exposure, not for children who have already recovered from the disease. 1

Clinical Pitfall to Avoid

  • Do not confuse this scenario with catch-up vaccination schedules for unvaccinated children. This child has documented natural disease, which is fundamentally different from being unvaccinated but susceptible. 1, 2

  • Ensure documentation of the verified varicella history is placed in the medical record to prevent future unnecessary vaccination attempts. 1

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Varicella Vaccine Administration Guidelines

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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