From the Guidelines
The recommended dose of ceftazidime is 2 g every 8 hours. This dosage is based on the guidelines for the diagnosis and management of complicated intra-abdominal infection in adults and children, as outlined in the Clinical Infectious Diseases journal 1.
Key Considerations
- The dosage is applicable for adults with normal renal and hepatic function.
- For patients with renal impairment, dosing adjustments should be made based on creatinine clearance.
- Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic effective against Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Administration Guidelines
- Infusion times should be over 15-30 minutes for intermittent administration.
- Proper reconstitution according to manufacturer guidelines is essential for effective treatment.
Special Populations
- For children, the dosage may vary, but the adult dose should not be exceeded.
- Dosing for patients with severe infections or specific conditions like Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection may require higher doses or more frequent administration, as indicated in the guidelines 1.
From the FDA Drug Label
The average serum concentrations following IV infusion of 500-mg, 1-g, and 2-g doses to these volunteers over an 8-hour interval are given in Table 1 Table 1 Average Serum Concentrations of Ceftazidime Ceftazidime Serum Concentrations (mcg/mL) IV Dose 0.5 hr 1 hr 2 hr 4 hr 8 hr 500 mg 42 25 12 6 2 1 g 60 39 23 11 3 2 g 129 75 42 13 5
The dose of ceftazidime is 500-mg, 1-g, or 2-g administered via IV infusion.
- The 500-mg dose achieves a mean peak serum concentration of 42 mcg/mL.
- The 1-g dose achieves a mean peak serum concentration of 60 mcg/mL.
- The 2-g dose achieves a mean peak serum concentration of 129 mcg/mL. 2
From the Research
Dose of Ceftazidime
The dose of ceftazidime varies based on the patient's renal function.
- In adult patients with normal renal function, the recommended dose is 1 to 2 g every 8 hours 3, 4.
- For patients with mild renal impairment, the interval between doses should be extended to 12 hours 3, 4.
- In patients with severe renal failure, the dose interval should be extended to 36-48 hours 3, 4.
- A supplementary dose of ceftazidime is required at the end of each haemodialysis session 3.
- In patients under chronic peritoneal dialysis, a loading dose of 10 mg/kg is followed by continuous administration of 5 mg/kg into each dialysis cavity 3.
- The dose reduction factors for patients with impaired renal function are presented in another study 5.
- It is also recommended that 0.5 to 2.0 g of ceftazidime be given in extended dosages, with intervals dependent on the renal function of the patient 4.
- Patients with a ClCR of greater than 50 ml/min should be given ceftazidime every 8 h, those with a ClCR of 30 to 50 ml/min should be given the drug every 12 h, those with a ClCR of 15 to 30 ml/min should be given the drug once a day, and individuals with a ClCR of less than 15 ml/min should be given the drug on a 36- to 48-h regimen 4.
Special Considerations
- Therapeutic drug monitoring is important to guide dosing and avoid toxicity in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy 6.
- A loading dose followed by continuous infusion may be a better approach than intermittent bolus dosing to ensure adequate plasma concentrations of ceftazidime 7.
- Plasma concentrations of ceftazidime can be very variable when using the recommended intermittent bolus dosing regimen, which may result in inadequate plasma concentrations of drug in critical infections 7.