In a man with normal baseline liver function, does injectable testosterone (e.g., testosterone enanthate or cypionate) 200 mg every 10 days cause hepatotoxicity, liver cancer, or other organ dysfunction?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: February 8, 2026View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Hepatotoxicity Risk with Injectable Testosterone at 200 mg Every 10 Days

Injectable testosterone enanthate or cypionate at 200 mg every 10 days does not cause clinically significant liver injury, cancer, or dysfunction in men with normal baseline liver function. Hepatotoxicity is limited to oral 17-α-alkylated testosterone formulations, which are infrequently used in the United States, while injectable esters are not hepatotoxic. 1

Liver Safety Profile of Injectable Testosterone

Hepatotoxicity Risk by Formulation

  • Injectable testosterone (enanthate, cypionate) carries minimal to no hepatotoxic risk because these formulations bypass first-pass hepatic metabolism and are not 17-α-alkylated. 1

  • The FDA label for testosterone cypionate explicitly states that hepatotoxicity is limited to oral agents, not injectable preparations. 2

  • Oral 17-α-alkylated anabolic steroids cause hepatotoxicity through slower hepatic clearance and direct toxic effects, but this mechanism does not apply to injectable testosterone esters. 3

  • The 17-α-alkylation modification that causes hepatotoxicity is present only in oral formulations, allowing oral absorption but creating liver toxicity through prolonged hepatic exposure. 3

Liver Cancer Risk Evidence

  • Physiologic testosterone replacement at appropriate doses does not increase hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in men with normal liver function. 4

  • Historical concerns linking testosterone to HCC have been overstated; more recent data suggest this risk was exaggerated and primarily related to supraphysiologic doses or pre-existing liver disease. 4

  • In men with cirrhosis, testosterone can be given only after discussing theoretical HCC risks, but this caution applies specifically to advanced liver disease populations, not men with normal liver function. 5

  • Observational data show elevated endogenous testosterone levels correlate with increased HCC risk in populations with hepatitis B/C, but this association reflects underlying liver disease pathophysiology rather than exogenous testosterone therapy at replacement doses. 6, 7

  • The distinction is critical: supraphysiologic doses of oral anabolic steroids in bodybuilders cause hepatic tumors, but physiologic replacement with injectable testosterone in hypogonadal men does not. 8

Dosing Considerations for Your Regimen

Your Specific Dose: 200 mg Every 10 Days

  • Your regimen (200 mg every 10 days) exceeds standard guideline-recommended dosing intervals, which specify 100-200 mg every 2 weeks or 50-100 mg weekly for testosterone enanthate/cypionate. 5

  • The 10-day interval creates more frequent supraphysiologic peaks than the recommended 14-day interval, increasing erythrocytosis risk (up to 44% with injectable formulations) but not hepatotoxicity. 1, 5

  • Peak serum levels occur 2-5 days after injection, with return to baseline by days 10-14, meaning your 10-day dosing keeps testosterone levels from fully returning to trough. 1, 9

Recommended Dosing Adjustment

  • Standard evidence-based dosing is 100-200 mg every 2 weeks or 50-100 mg weekly, targeting mid-normal testosterone levels (450-600 ng/dL) measured midway between injections. 5, 9

  • Weekly dosing of 50-100 mg provides more stable testosterone levels compared to biweekly administration, reducing the risk of erythrocytosis and cardiovascular fluctuations. 5

Monitoring Requirements (Not Liver-Specific)

Essential Safety Monitoring

  • Hematocrit/hemoglobin monitoring is mandatory because injectable testosterone causes erythrocytosis in 43.8% of users, far exceeding the 15.4% rate with transdermal preparations. 1, 5

  • Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels should be checked periodically, with treatment withheld if hematocrit exceeds 54%. 2, 5

  • Liver function tests are not routinely required for men on injectable testosterone with normal baseline liver function, as hepatotoxicity does not occur with these formulations. 1

  • Testosterone levels should be measured 2-3 months after initiation or dose change, then every 6-12 months once stable, targeting mid-normal values (450-600 ng/dL). 5, 9

Other Organ Dysfunction Risks

Cardiovascular and Hematologic Effects

  • Injectable testosterone may carry greater cardiovascular risk than transdermal preparations due to fluctuating testosterone levels that spend time in both supraphysiologic and subtherapeutic ranges. 5

  • Erythrocytosis represents the most significant organ dysfunction risk with your regimen, occurring in up to 44% of men receiving injectable testosterone. 1

  • The risk of hemoconcentration from elevated hematocrit could aggravate vascular disease in coronary, cerebrovascular, or peripheral circulation, particularly in elderly patients. 5

Prostate and Other Effects

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia and theoretical prostate cancer risk require monitoring (PSA and digital rectal exam in men over 40), but these are surveillance issues rather than direct organ toxicity. 1, 2

  • Fluid retention, gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, and infertility are potential effects but do not constitute organ dysfunction. 1, 2

Critical Clinical Caveats

When Liver Concerns Are Legitimate

  • Men with pre-existing cirrhosis require special consideration: testosterone can be given only after discussing theoretical HCC risks, using free testosterone index to define hypogonadism. 5

  • Supraphysiologic doses (far exceeding 200 mg every 10 days) or concurrent use of oral 17-α-alkylated steroids create genuine hepatotoxicity risk through cholestasis, peliosis hepatis, and hepatic tumors. 3, 8

  • Over-the-counter supplements contaminated with oral anabolic steroids cause hepatotoxicity in unsuspecting consumers, but pharmaceutical-grade injectable testosterone does not. 3

Formulation-Specific Risks

  • If erythrocytosis develops on your current regimen, switch to transdermal testosterone gel, which reduces erythrocytosis risk from 43.8% to 15.4% while maintaining efficacy. 5

  • Oral testosterone formulations (rarely used in the U.S.) cause dose-dependent hepatotoxicity including elevated transaminases, cholestatic syndrome, and hepatic tumors—but you are not using oral testosterone. 1, 3

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Anabolic Steroid Effect on the Liver.

Current sports medicine reports, 2018

Research

Testosterone in men with advanced liver disease: abnormalities and implications.

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2015

Guideline

Testosterone Replacement Therapy Dosing

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Research

Anabolic androgenic steroid-induced liver injury: An update.

World journal of gastroenterology, 2022

Guideline

Testosterone Injection Treatment for Male Hypogonadism

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.