From the Guidelines
Based on the most recent and highest quality study, omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA, may be beneficial for cognitive function in Alzheimer's patients, but only when started before cognitive decline, as suggested by the 2024 study 1. The study found that fish intake of 2 portions/week was associated with a 30% reduction in Alzheimer disease, with a dose-response relationship noted between the omega-3 fatty acid index achieved. However, it's essential to note that the ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in dementia, as outlined in studies from 2015 1, do not recommend the systematic use of nutrient supplements, including omega-3 fatty acids, for correction of cognitive impairment or prevention of further cognitive decline in persons with dementia, unless there is a sign of deficiency. Some key points to consider:
- Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA, may be beneficial for cognitive function when started before cognitive decline 1.
- The ESPEN guidelines do not recommend the use of omega-3 fatty acid supplements for correction of cognitive impairment or prevention of further cognitive decline in persons with dementia, unless there is a sign of deficiency 1.
- Vitamin B complex, particularly B12 and folate, may support neurological function, but supplementation is not recommended unless there is a sign of deficiency 1.
- A balanced dietary pattern, including proper diet, exercise, cognitive stimulation, and prescribed medications, is essential for overall health and well-being. It's crucial to discuss any supplements with a healthcare provider before starting, as they may interact with medications or have side effects. Ultimately, the decision to use supplements should be made on an individual basis, taking into account the patient's specific needs and health status.
From the Research
Supplements for Alzheimer's Patients
- Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, have been linked to healthy aging and may have a protective effect against cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- Studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids may improve cognitive function in patients with very mild Alzheimer's disease, but the evidence is not strong enough to support their use in the treatment of more severe cases 2, 5
- The effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cognitive function may be most effectively demonstrated in patients with very mild Alzheimer's disease, and may be beneficial in disease onset when there is slight impairment of brain function 2, 4
- Dietary and supplemental long-chain omega-3 fatty acids have been identified as potential moderators of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, with a protective effect against cognitive decline 6
- The potential mechanisms of action of omega-3 fatty acids in Alzheimer's disease include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neurotrophic properties, as well as the enhancement of nerve growth factor levels 4