At what ages and minimum body weight is Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir + ritonavir) approved for treatment of COVID‑19?

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Last updated: February 20, 2026View editorial policy

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Paxlovid Age and Weight Approval Criteria

Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) is approved for patients aged ≥12 years who weigh at least 40 kg for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19. 1, 2, 3, 4

Age-Specific Approval

  • Minimum age: 12 years old 1, 2, 3, 4
  • The emergency use authorization and subsequent approvals specify this age cutoff across multiple regulatory jurisdictions 3, 4
  • Children under 12 years are not approved for Paxlovid treatment due to lack of trial data in this population 5

Weight Requirements

  • Minimum body weight: 40 kg (approximately 88 pounds) 1, 2, 3, 4
  • This weight threshold applies to all patients aged 12 years and older 2, 3
  • Patients weighing less than 40 kg should not receive Paxlovid, as safety and efficacy data are not available for this population 5

Dosing Regimen for Approved Patients

  • Standard dose: Nirmatrelvir 300 mg (two 150 mg tablets) plus ritonavir 100 mg (one tablet) taken orally every 12 hours for 5 days 1, 2, 3
  • Treatment must be initiated within 5 days of symptom onset 1, 3, 4

Special Population Considerations

Renal Impairment

  • Moderate renal impairment (eGFR 30-59 mL/min): Reduce nirmatrelvir dose to 150 mg while maintaining ritonavir 100 mg, given twice daily for 5 days 1, 2
  • Severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min): Paxlovid is not recommended 2

Hepatic Impairment

  • Severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C): Paxlovid is not recommended due to lack of safety data 1

Pregnancy

  • Paxlovid may be offered to pregnant individuals to reduce disease progression, with no serious adverse reactions reported to date in WHO Vigibase 1, 5

Critical Safety Consideration

  • Drug-drug interactions are the primary safety concern due to ritonavir's potent CYP3A4 inhibition 1, 5, 6, 7
  • Use the Liverpool COVID-19 Drug Interaction Tool to systematically check all concomitant medications before prescribing 1, 5, 7

References

Guideline

Cautions with Paxlovid (Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir)

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Research

Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir: Oral Coronavirus Disease 2019 Antiviral Drugs.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023

Research

Optimizing the use of Paxlovid in clinical practice.

Drugs of today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998), 2022

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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