What emergency contraception is appropriate for a 28‑year‑old woman with polycystic ovary syndrome, previously using Diane 35 (cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol), who had condom‑protected intercourse a few hours ago without ejaculation?

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Emergency Contraception for Low-Risk Intercourse

Yes, you should offer emergency contraception despite the low pregnancy risk from condom-protected intercourse without ejaculation, as this provides reassurance and follows standard practice guidelines for any patient requesting emergency contraception after intercourse. 1, 2

Recommended Emergency Contraception Options

First-Line: Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg (Plan B)

For this patient presenting within hours of intercourse, levonorgestrel 1.5 mg as a single dose is the most appropriate option. 1, 2

  • Take as a single 1.5 mg dose (or two 0.75 mg tablets together) as soon as possible 1, 2
  • Maximum effectiveness occurs within 72 hours, with efficacy decreasing significantly after this window 1, 2, 3
  • Prevents approximately 7 out of 8 expected pregnancies when taken as directed 3
  • Can be taken up to 120 hours (5 days) after intercourse, though less effective at 4-5 days 1, 2

Weight Considerations

  • If the patient weighs >165 lbs (75 kg), ulipristal acetate (UPA) 30 mg is more effective than levonorgestrel 2
  • Levonorgestrel may be less effective in obese women regardless of dose 2

Alternative: Ulipristal Acetate (ella) 30 mg

  • More effective than levonorgestrel between 72-120 hours post-intercourse 1, 2, 4
  • Maintains 65% lower pregnancy risk compared to levonorgestrel throughout the full 120-hour window 2, 5
  • Single 30 mg dose 1, 4
  • Requires prescription in most settings 4

Most Effective Option: Copper IUD

  • The copper IUD is the most effective emergency contraception method with <1% failure rate 1, 2, 5
  • Can be inserted within 5 days of intercourse (or up to 5 days after ovulation if timing is known) 1, 5
  • Provides ongoing contraception after insertion 1

Post-Emergency Contraception Management

After Levonorgestrel Use

  • Patient can resume or start regular contraception immediately 2
  • Use barrier method or abstain for 7 days after starting regular contraception 2
  • Perform pregnancy test if menses delayed by >1 week 1

After UPA Use

  • Start regular contraception immediately 1, 2
  • Must use barrier method or abstain for 14 days (or until next menses, whichever comes first) 1, 2
  • Pregnancy test if no withdrawal bleed within 3 weeks 1

Special Considerations for PCOS Patients

Previous Diane 35 Use

  • The patient's history of Diane 35 (cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol) for PCOS does not contraindicate emergency contraception 6, 7
  • Emergency contraception can be given regardless of previous hormonal contraceptive use 1

Resuming Regular Contraception

  • If she wishes to restart Diane 35 or another contraceptive, she can begin immediately after levonorgestrel 2
  • PCOS patients benefit from combined oral contraceptives for menstrual regulation and hyperandrogenism management 6, 7

Clinical Reassurance Points

Actual Pregnancy Risk Assessment

  • Condom use with no ejaculation represents very low pregnancy risk 1
  • However, emergency contraception should not be withheld based on perceived low risk when patient requests it 1, 5
  • Pre-ejaculate can theoretically contain sperm, though risk is minimal 1

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

  • Do not delay administration while debating necessity—efficacy decreases with time for all oral methods 2, 3
  • Do not assume emergency contraception is unnecessary based on condom use alone—patient autonomy and anxiety warrant offering it 1
  • Do not forget to counsel about the 14-day barrier method requirement if UPA is chosen 1, 2

Practical Algorithm

Within 72 hours + normal weight (<165 lbs): Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg single dose 2

Within 72 hours + weight >165 lbs: Consider UPA 30 mg instead 2

72-120 hours post-intercourse: UPA 30 mg preferred 2, 5

Seeking highest efficacy regardless of timing: Copper IUD insertion 2, 5

For this specific patient (few hours post-intercourse, likely normal weight): Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg is appropriate and immediately available 2

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Emergency Contraception Guidelines

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Plan B Effectiveness and Mechanism

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Guideline

Emergency Contraception After Ovulation

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Research

Effects of metformin and ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate on clinical, endocrine and metabolic factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2008

Research

Use of cyproterone acetate/ethinylestradiol in polycystic ovary syndrome: rationale and practical aspects.

The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception, 2017

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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